In Vitro Assessment of Probiotic Potential and Functional Properties of Lactobacillus reuteri LR1
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itro Assessment of Probiotic Potential and Functional Properties of Lactobacillus reuteri LR1 A. V. Begunovaa, O. S. Savinovab, I. V. Rozhkovaa, Yu. I. Krysanovaa, and T. V. Fedorovab, * a
bBach
All-Russia Scientific Research Institute of the Dairy Industry, Moscow, 115093 Russia Institute of Biochemistry, Fundamentals of Biotechnology Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received April 1, 2020; revised April 17, 2020; accepted April 22, 2020
Abstract―Research on the effects of various antimicrobial agents on the strain Lactobacillus reuteri LR1 indicated its susceptibility to lincomycin, amoxicillin, and chloramphenicol, as well as resistance to other studied antibiotics. Upon milk fermentation by L. reuteri LR1 for 24 h, there was a significant increase in antioxidant and ACE-inhibitory activities, along with a decrease in L-leucine equivalents, as compared to the original milk. Further cultivation resulted in an increase in the inhibitory activity of the proteolytic, antioxidant, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), reaching its highest value after 96 h. HPLC-MS/MS analysis of the peptide profile of milk fermented by the lactobacillus showed the presence of peptides possessing ACE-inhibitory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. Analysis of the substrate specificity of specificity of L. reuteri LR1 CEP proteinase toward the (f1-23) αs1-casein fragment revealed its unique specificity, which may indicate the PI/PIII type. Keywords: Lactobacillus reuteri LR1, resistance to antibacterial drugs, proteolytic activity, antioxidant activity, ACE-inhibitory activity, peptide profile, biologically active peptides DOI: 10.1134/S000368382005004X
INTRODUCTION Modern science defines a microbial biocenosis as a single system of the human organism and its microbiome. At the same time, the microbiome is composed of the diverse microbial consortia and their metabolic products that inhabit a particular biotope [1]. There is growing evidence that various diets and environmental factors have a significant impact on the metabolism, immunoresponse, and human susceptibility to diseases, which results from changes in the species composition of microbial communities in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) [2–4]. Since 2001, the term “probiotics” has referred to live microorganisms, the consumption of which in adequate amounts has a beneficial effect on the host organism [5]. Therefore, it is very important to understand the mechanism of action of a probiotic microorganism on a macroorganism, which has been continuously studied in experiments in vitro. The beneficial characteristics of lactic-acid bacteria (LAB) for human health are intensively studied. There are currently studies and an accumulation of data on the broader spectrum of probiotic activity of microorganisms, which can normalize the functions of the GIT microbiota, boost immunity, reduce manifestations of food allergies, alleviate symptoms of lac-
tose intolerance, and have hypochol
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