In vitro bioactivity and biological assays of porous membranes of the poly(lactic acid) containing calcium silicate fibe
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In vitro bioactivity and biological assays of porous membranes of the poly(lactic acid) containing calcium silicate fibers Idalia Aparecida Waltrick Brito Siqueira1 · Suelen Simões Amaral2 · Nayara Koba de Moura1 · João Paulo Barros Machado3 · Eduardo Henrique Backes4 · Fábio Roberto Passador1 · Samira Esteves Afonso Camargo5 · Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos2 · Eliandra Sousa Trichês1 Received: 12 April 2019 / Revised: 23 October 2019 / Accepted: 8 November 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract A new approach in dentistry is based on the development of resorbable polymeric membranes for guided bone regeneration. The porous membrane surface promotes better cell adhesion and proliferation. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of most widely used polymers for several biological applications, with the advantage of presenting hydrolysis degradation and bioresorption of its products. In this work, PLA porous polymeric membranes containing calcium silicate (CaSiO3) fibers were prepared by controlled humidity technique. The porous membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, bioactivity in simulated body fluid and biological studies in vitro. The incorporation of the C aSiO3 fibers into the polymeric matrix increased the pore size (1.5– 34.9 µm). In the bioactivity assay, PLA/CASiO3 membranes induced the formation of a hydroxyapatite layer on the porous membrane surface. Also, in vitro biologic assays showed that the porous membranes provided suitable environment for cell attachment and proliferation. Keywords PLA · Porous polymeric membranes · Calcium silicate fibers · Bioactivity · SBF
* Idalia Aparecida Waltrick Brito Siqueira [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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Polymer Bulletin
Introduction The guided bone regeneration (GBR) technique consists of a selective barrier, which prevents the migration of fibroblasts cells to the bone defect [1–4]. Bone regeneration membranes can be produced with two types of materials: resorbable and nonresorbable [4]. Resorbable membranes should have a degradation rate corresponding to bone regeneration to prevent a second membrane removal surgery [4]. For this reason, polymeric membranes produced with resorbable polymers have been investigated as promising biomaterials for GBR applications [1–8]. Various polymers are used for production of resorbable membranes, such as poly-DL-lactid (PDLLA) [9], polycaprolactone (PCL) [10] and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) [11]. Among the synthetic polymers, PLA stands out because it has a biodegradation controlled rate and it is metabolized by biologic pathways [12–14]. The association of the polymer with inorganic particles can improve bioactivity and biological properties. Inorganic particles such as calcium phosphates (hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate) [15], bioactive glasses [16] and calcium silicates [17] are bioactive materials, and due to their o
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