Inhibitory Effect of Copper and Zinc Ions on the Growth of Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia coli Biofilms
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Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Vol. 169, No. 5, September, 2020
IMMUNOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY Inhibitory Effect of Copper and Zinc Ions on the Growth of Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia coli Biofilms T. A. Danilova1, G. A. Danilina1, A. A. Adzhieva1, E. I. Vostrova2, V. G. Zhukhovitskii1, and S. B. Cheknev2
Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 169, No. 5, pp. 578-582, May, 2020 Original article submitted January 13, 2020 Analysis of the effect of copper and zinc ions on Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia coli biofilms revealed significant differences in the effect of these metals in the form of sulfates or chlorides on biofilm formation. Zinc ions in low doses (salt concentration 0.005 M) inhibited the growth of S. pyogenes biofilms by 1.5 times. After increasing salt concentration to 0.050.5 M, the growth of biofilm was reduced by 2.5 times in comparison with the positive control. In case of E. coli biofilms, the inhibition was more pronounced: zinc sulfate in a concentration of 0.005 M reduced its growth by 4.6 times in comparison with the positive control. After increasing salt concentration, the growth of E. coli biofilm decreased by 6.8 times. In case of zinc chloride, zinc ions produced weaker effect and reduced biofilm growth by 2.2 and 5 times, respectively. Copper salts in a concentration of 0.005 M had practically no effect on the growth of S. pyogenes biofilm; with increasing salt concentration, the degree of inhibition was close to the effect of zinc. In case of E. coli biofilm, we observed a slight inhibition of the growth by low doses of copper ions (by 1.4-1.3 times); with increasing salt concentration the effect increased by 5.6 and 2.2 times for copper sulfate and chloride, respectively. Copper and zinc cations had no effect on mature biofilm. Key Words: microorganisms; biofilms; copper; zinc It is known that microorganisms exist not only in planktonic form, but also can form microcolonies and biofilms in host tissues. Biofilm is a way for bacteria to survive and reproduce under unfavorable environmental conditions. The process of biofilm formation involves several stages: adhesion of microorganisms to surfaces, colony formation, biofilm maturation with the formation of extracellular matrix, and separation of attached cells and their spreading to other areas. An important property of biofilms is their ability to Laboratory of Indication and Ultrastructure Analysis of Microorganisms, 2Laboratory of Cell—Cell Interactions, N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia. Address for correspondence: [email protected]. T. A. Danilova 1
adhere to different substrates — biotic (human and animal tissues) and abiotic (glass, plastic, and metal). Structurally, biofilm represents clusters of bacteria attached to the surface and to each other and covered on the outside with a biopolymer matrix. The matrix is a complex structure that includes proteins, nucleic aci
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