Investigation of different antioxidant capacity measurements suitable for bioactive compounds applied to medicinal plant
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Investigation of different antioxidant capacity measurements suitable for bioactive compounds applied to medicinal plants Yassine Oualcadi1 · Abdelaaziz Aityoub2 · Fatima Berrekhis1 Received: 26 March 2020 / Accepted: 19 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the adequate antioxidant capacity measurement of the major bioactive compounds of medicinal plants. Response surface methodology (RSM) modeling was used for predictive estimation of total polyphenols (TPC), flavonoid (TFC) and tannin (TTC) contents obtained from five folk medicinal plants. The RSM based on Central Composite Design was used to optimize microwave-assisted Soxhlet extraction (MASE) for extraction time, solvent composition and microwave power. Maximum contents of the three parameters were obtained under optimum extraction conditions and validated experimentally at level p ≤ 0.05. The antioxidant capacities were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) assays. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the interrelationships between bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity measurements. PCA shows that the most suitable antioxidant measurement method for flavonoids is the FRAP (r = 0.9314) followed by the CV (r = 0.9313). The most suitable method for tannins (r = 0.9512) and polyphenols (r = 0.9200) is the DPPH. Keywords Microwave-assisted soxhlet extraction MASE · Optimization · Medicinal plants · DPPH · FRAP · Correlation · Cyclic voltammetry CV
Introduction Five different Moroccan folk medicinal plants were chosen to investigate the correlation between bioactive compound contents and measurements of antioxidant capacities. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is the first chosen plant. Many studies have shown the therapeutic effect of pomegranate peels, such as antiatherogenic activity [1], and anticarcinogenic activity [2]. Argan (Argania spinosa L.) is the second medicinal plant, it represents the sole endemic species of the genus Argania [3]. The argan hull, in external use, is used against scabies, parasites, fungi and hives [4]. The third medicinal plant is Serghina (Corrigiola telephiifolia Pourr.). It is an anti-asthenic, antispasmodic, diuretic, and * Fatima Berrekhis [email protected] 1
Equipe de Physico‑Chimie Des Matériaux, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Cadi Ayyad University, BP 2400 Hay Hassani Route d’Essaouira, 40000 Marrakech, Morocco
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials and Environment, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
2
aphrodisiac. Its smoked roots are used as remedy against influenza and headaches [5]. The fourth medicinal plant is Almond (Prunus dulcis). While almonds are an excellent antioxidant source [6], the polyphenols in almond byproducts (skin, shell and stem bark) used against stomach ulcers. They may also contribute to their antioxidant capacity and wellbeing
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