Investigation of in vitro bioactivities of Zn-based hydroxyapatite samples doped with chitosan
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RESEARCH
Investigation of in vitro bioactivities of Zn-based hydroxyapatite samples doped with chitosan Serhat Keser 1,2
&
Harun Efe 1
Received: 4 March 2020 / Revised: 18 August 2020 / Accepted: 18 September 2020 # Australian Ceramic Society 2020
Abstract In this study, the crystal structure, functional groups, morphological structure, elemental compositions, antimicrobial activity, and structural changes in the SBF of Zn-based HAp samples, synthesized by sol-gel method, doped with chitosan (CTS) at different amounts, were investigated. The crystal structure of the synthesized samples was determined by XRD technique, and the functional groups of the samples were determined by FTIR spectroscopy. The elemental compositions and morphologies of the HAp samples were investigated by SEM equipped with EDX spectroscopy. It was observed that the synthesized samples had antimicrobial activity. The effect of chitosan addition and immersing in SBF affected the crystallization percentages of the samples. No significant changes were observed in the morphology. Keywords Hydroxyapatite (HAp) . SBF . Chitosan . Antimicrobial activity . Zn-doping . Crystal structure
Introduction Hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is a phosphate ceramic. This ceramic type, which is the closest compound to the chemical composition of the bone and dental tissues, has three different classes: The OH−, F−, and Cl− containing apatites are called as hydroxyapatite, fluoroapatite, and chloroapatite, respectively. HAp samples show osteoconductive properties due to their porous structure. Owing to these properties, they are used as biomaterials and support cell-tissue growth, development, and/or regeneration. The porous structure realizes the proper fusion between material and bone tissue. Another advantage of pores is that it facilitates the transport of body fluids to biomaterials [1]. The sol-gel method, chemical precipitation, spray-pyrolysis, emulsion process, hydrothermal synthesis, and mechanochemical methods can be used for HAp production [2–4]. Compared with other preparation ways, the sol-gel method has two important advantages: the low synthesis temperature * Serhat Keser [email protected] 1
Department of Chemical Technology, EOSB Higher Vocational School, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
2
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
and high product purity, for the synthesis of nano-crystalline powders [5, 6]. Chitin is a highly abundant mucopolysaccharide in nature and is the second most abundant renewable biopolymer in nature after cellulose. Chitosan is an amorphous polyaminosaccharide obtained by alkaline deacetylation of the mucopolysaccharide called chitin. Chitosan polymer has a unique structure and advanced functions and is a molecule with multi-dimensional properties. This natural aminopolysaccharide has wide use in biochemistry and industry [7]. Zinc (Zn) is the most common trace element in the chemical composition of the bone, and it is a very important element for in vivo
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