Ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents and liquid polymers as green solvents in carbon capture technologies: a review
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REVIEW
Ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents and liquid polymers as green solvents in carbon capture technologies: a review Abhishek Krishnan1 · Kannappan Panchamoorthy Gopinath1 · Dai‑Viet N. Vo2 · Rajagopal Malolan1 · Vikas Madhav Nagarajan1 · Jayaseelan Arun3 Received: 23 June 2020 / Accepted: 15 July 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Global warming is a critical issue resulting partly from increasing carbon dioxide emissions. Technologies have been developed to capture carbon dioxide followed by storage or utilization, yet techniques are limited by the use of toxic solvents and the generation of harmful by-products. Research in green chemistry has designed green solvents which are non-toxic, efficient and environmentally friendly. Here we review green solvents employed for carbon capture, with emphasis on ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents and liquid polymers. Solvent performance depends on temperature, density and viscosity. Deep eutectic solvents appear as the most advanced solvents with capacities reaching up to 4.292 g CO2 per g of solvent. Ionic liquids have shown CO2 uptakes of 4.72 mol of CO2/mol of solvent, but are less efficient on average. Liquid polymers display capacities of up to 1.357 mol of CO2/mol of solvent. Keywords Carbon capture · Carbon emissions · Green solvents · Ionic liquids · Deep eutectic solvents · Liquid polymers Abbreviations TETAL Triethylenetetramine and lactic acid UDIL Urea-derived ionic liquid TSIL Task-specific ionic liquid DFIL Dual-functional ionic liquid PAPIL Pyridinium-containing amide-based ionic liquids DBN 1,5-Diazabicyclo[4.3.0]-non-5-ene DBU 1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene MTBD 7-Methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene DMLU Dimethylol urea
* Kannappan Panchamoorthy Gopinath [email protected] 1
Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 603110, India
2
Center of Excellence for Green Energy and Environmental Nanomaterials (CE@GrEEN), Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 755414, Vietnam
3
Centre for Waste Management, International Research Centre, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar (OMR), Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600119, India
Introduction Climate change is an increasingly prominent challenge faced by countries across the globe, with its prevention and remediation receiving widespread attention (Ali and Khan 2017). The increase in global temperatures poses an urgent risk to the planet, with a projected increase of nearly 2 °C by the end of this century (Anderson et al. 2016). The phenomenon of a consistent increase in the average global temperature is called the greenhouse effect and can be attributed to a group of gases called greenhouse gases of which CO2 is the most prominent (Gautier and Rebich 2006). The gradual yearly increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) is a direct driving factor behind climate change, with C O2 making over 70% of the world’s total greenhouse gases. Burning of fos
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