Isolation and characterization of 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci from the Chinese ratsnake ( Zaocys dhumnades )
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MICROSATELLITE LETTERS
Isolation and characterization of 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci from the Chinese ratsnake (Zaocys dhumnades) Rong-Fang Wang • Chao-Nan Zhu Zhe Liu • Yan-Fu Qu
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Received: 28 May 2014 / Accepted: 29 July 2014 / Published online: 7 August 2014 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014
Abstract The Chinese ratsnake (Zaocys dhumnades) is widely distributed in China, including Taiwan, northwards to Henan, Shanxi and Gansu. The snake has been overexploited by local people for food and traditional Chinese medicine, and is listed as least concerned species according to the China Red Data Book of Endangered Animals. In this study, 10 polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated and characterized from Z. dhumnades genomic libraries. The mean number of alleles per locus was 15.3 (ranged from 6 to 23), with expected (HE) and observed (HO) heterozygosity ranging from 0.550 to 0.914 and from 0.519 to 0.778, respectively. Significant deviation form Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was not detected at all loci. There was no evidence of linkage disequilibrium among pairs of loci. These microsatellite markers will be valuable tools for further studies on the population structure, genetic variation, and evolutionary history of Z. dhumnades. Keywords Colubridae Snake Zaocys dhumnades Microsatellite markers Polymorphism The Chinese ratsnake Zaocys dhumnades ia a large-sized (up to 250 cm total length) oviparous colubrid snake endemic to China and can be found in grasslands, woodlands and farmland (Zhao 1998a; Lin et al. 2010). For the
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12686-014-0284-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. R.-F. Wang C.-N. Zhu Z. Liu Y.-F. Qu (&) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, China e-mail: [email protected]
past few decades, Z. dhumnades has experienced a drastic decline in natural population size due to the effect of human activities and over hunting for traditional Chinese medicine (Zhao 1998b). The snake is listed as the state’s ‘‘three are’’ (state protection beneficial or of important economic, scientific value of the list of terrestrial wildlife) animal in China by State Forestry Administration of the People’s Republic of China and least concerned species according to the China Red Data Book of Endangered Animals (Zhao 1998b; Zhou and Jiang 2004). Here, we report on the isolation and characterization of ten polymorphic microsatellite markers in Z. dhumnades. These markers will be useful in future genetic studies and conservation management of Z. dhumnades. In this study, total genomic DNA from three unrelated individuals was extracted, experimental procedures and results analysis followed Hua et al. (2012). 10 speciesspecific microsatellite markers were successfully isolated and characterized in Z. dhumnades to estimate population genetic structure. These microsatellite markers
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