Isolation and characterization of 14 microsatellite loci in Macridiscus semicancellata (Koch in Philippi, 1843)
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TECHNICAL NOTE
Isolation and characterization of 14 microsatellite loci in Macridiscus semicancellata (Koch in Philippi, 1843) Xinyu Liu • Lingfeng Kong • Hong Yu • Qi Li
Received: 26 September 2012 / Accepted: 29 October 2012 / Published online: 7 November 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2012
Abstract The first set of 14 polymorphic microsatellite loci was isolated and characterized in Macridiscus semicancellata. Number of alleles per polymorphic locus varied from 4 to 12. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.233 to 0.758 and 0.244 to 0.880, respectively. These informative markers obtained in this study will offer useful tools for the assessment of population structure and gene flow of the species in the future. Keywords Macridiscus semicancellata Microsatellite Genetic variation
Macridiscus semicancellata (Koch in Philippi, 1843), a bivalve mollusc of the family Veneridae, is widely distributed on tidal flats in the western Pacific from south coast of China to Vietnam. Owing to its delicious flavor and highly nutritive value, M. semicancellata is a commercially important species in southern China. In recent years, the wild M. semicancellata resources have been threatened by over-exploitation and reclamation of tidal flats, which resulted in region-wide population decline along the south coast of China. The decline has motivated many recovery efforts such as establishing nature reserves, fishing restrictions, and spawning wild brood stock in hatcheries (Zhang et al. 2008). Fisheries management and conservation of commercially important marine species directed to ensure their sustainable exploitation must rely on the biological knowledge of the species as well as population level genetic structure and genetic connectivity among populations X. Liu L. Kong (&) H. Yu Q. Li Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China e-mail: [email protected]
(Waples 1998). Although several studies of M. semicancellata have been carried out on morphology, reproductive biology, ecology and artificial breeding (You et al. 1991, 1992; Zhang et al. 2008; Kong et al. 2012), none have focused on its gene flow and population structure. Because of co-dominant, multiallelic and highly polymorphic nature (Weber and May 1989), microsatellite markers have been widely used in population genetics studies and biological resource conservation. In the current study, 14 polymorphic microsatellite loci are developed in M. semicancellata, and will aid in characterizing population genetic structure and identifying fish stocks for conservation. Genomic DNA was extracted from the adductor muscle of one live M. semicancellata captured from Beihai, Guangxi Province, China, using a modified phenol–chloroform protocol (Li et al. 2006) and subsequently digested by MboI. DNA fragments were ligated to oligonucleotide adapters (Gardner et al. 1999). Via electrophoresing on a 2 % NuSieve GTG agarose gel, size fractions of 300–1,000 bp were selected. These DNA
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