Jatropa curcas L. Euphorbiaceae
Jatropa curcas L.: Castiglionia lobata Ruiz & Pav.; Curcas adansonii Endl.; Curcas curcas (L.) Britton & Millsp.; Curcas drastica Mart.; Curcas indica A. Rich.; Curcas purgans Medic.; Jatropha acerifolia Salisb.; Jatropha afrocurcas Pax; Jatropha
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Synonyms Jatropa curcas L.: Castiglionia lobata Ruiz & Pav.; Curcas adansonii Endl.; Curcas curcas (L.) Britton & Millsp.; Curcas drastica Mart.; Curcas indica A. Rich.; Curcas purgans Medic.; Jatropha acerifolia Salisb.; Jatropha afrocurcas Pax; Jatropha condor Wall.; Jatropha edulis Cerv.; Jatropha moluccana Wall.; Jatropha tuberosa Elliot; Jatropha yucatanensis Briq.; Manihot curcas (L.) Crantz; Ricinus americanus Mill.; Ricinus jarak Thunb.
C. K. Subedi · R. P. Chaudhary Research Centre for Applied Science and Technology (RECAST), Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal R. M. Kunwar Cultural Geography, Department of Geosciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA Ethnobotanical Society of Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal e-mail: [email protected] R. W. Bussmann (*) Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany and Bakuriani Alpine Botanical Garden, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia Saving Knowledge, La Paz, Bolivia e-mail: [email protected] N. Y. Paniagua-Zambrana Department of Ethnobotany, Institute of Botany and Bakuriani Alpine Botanical Garden, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia Herbario Nacionál de Bolivia, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 R. Kunwar et al. (eds.), Ethnobotany of the Himalayas, Ethnobotany of Mountain Regions, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45597-2_131-1
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Local Names Jatropa curcas: Bengali: Bagbherenda, Erandagachh; Bhutnese: Ching-da-lee; Chepang: Dulching, Niguri; Chinese: Yu-lu-tzu; Danuwar: Akakgachha, Arari; Gujrati: Jamalgota, Ratanjota; Gurung: Rajani geri, Sajin, Satiman; Hindi: Jangaliarandi, Safedarand, Beligida, Bherenda, Kulajara; Kannada: Adaluharalu, Bettadaharalu, Maraharalu, Karnocchi; Magar: Ratyun; Maithali: Kattavanakka, Kadalavanakka; Majhi: Aril; Marathi: Mogalierenda, Ranayerandi; Mooshar: Baghandi; Nepali: Aren, Arin, Baghandi. Deshi Khirro, Inna, Kadam, Nimte, Sajiwan, Saijon, Saruwa; Pakistan: Jamal Gota, Japlota; Rai: Kadam; Raute: Dekiro; Sanskrit: Kananaeranda, Prbhataranda; Tamang: Desya, Gada, Gyagar; Tamil: Kadalamanakku, Kattamanakku; Telegu: Nepalamu, Peddanepalamu, Adaviamidamu; Tharu: Ramjeevan, Ramjoti, Ratanjot (Sastri 1959; Manandhar 2002; Baral and Kurmi 2006; Subedi and Pandey 2017); English: Barbados nut, Curcas nut, Nutmeg plant, Physic nut, Purging nu.
Botany and Ecology Jatropa curcas: Trees, 8–15 m tall, monoecious. Stems: green in younger branches but grey-green in older, erect, somewhat succulent, leaf scars crescent-shaped; latex copious, clear in younger branches but cloudy in older. Leaves deciduous in drier, cooler climates but semi-evergreen to evergreen in warmer, moist regions; stipules caducous but narrowly lanceolate when present on actively growing shoots; petioles 9–19 cm long and 1.4–3 mm in diameter; blades cordate to orbicular in outline, shallowly 3–5-lobed or sometimes unlobed, 9–15 cm wide and long, membranous, base cordate, apex acuminate, margins entire or eophylls and young leaves with few glands, venation palma
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