Knock out of sHSP genes determines some modifications in the probiotic attitude of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER
Knock out of sHSP genes determines some modifications in the probiotic attitude of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Angela Longo . Pasquale Russo . Vittorio Capozzi . Giuseppe Spano . Daniela Fiocco
Received: 26 June 2020 / Accepted: 27 October 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Objective We investigated whether the knock out of small heat shock protein (sHSP) genes (hsp1, hsp2 and hsp3) impact on probiotic features of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WCFS1, aiming to find specific microbial effectors involved in microbe-host interplay. Results The probiotic properties of L. plantarum WCFS1 wild type, hsp1, hsp2 and hsp3 mutant clones were evaluated and compared through in vitro trials. Oro-gastro-intestinal assays pointed to significantly lower survival for hsp1 and hsp2 mutants under stomach-like conditions, and for hsp3 mutant under intestinal stress. Adhesion to human enterocyte-like cells was similar for all clones, though the hsp2 mutant exhibited higher adhesiveness. L. plantarum cells Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-020-03041-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. A. Longo P. Russo G. Spano SAFE Department, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy V. Capozzi Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, c/o CS-DAT, Via Michele Protano, 71121 Foggia, Italy D. Fiocco (&) Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Universiy of Foggia, Viale Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy e-mail: [email protected]
attenuated the transcriptional induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines on lipopolysaccharide-treated human macrophages, with some exception for the hsp1 mutant. Intriguingly, this clone also induced a higher IL10/IL12 ratio, which is assumed to indicate the anti-inflammatory potential of probiotics. Conclusions sHSP genes deletion determined some differences in gut stress resistance, cellular adhesion and immuno-modulation, also implying effects on in vivo interaction with the host. HSP1 might contribute to immunomodulatory mechanisms, though additional experiments are necessary to test this feature. Keywords Small heat shock protein Probiotic Immune-modulation Microbe-host interaction Gastro-intestinal stress
Introduction Several lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been claimed probiotics, i.e. ‘‘live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host’’ (Hill et al. 2014). Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (formerly known as Lactobacillus plantarum) belongs to a novel genus which resulted from an updated taxonomical classification of various lactobacilli, a subgroup of LAB (Zheng
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et al. 2020). L. plantarum boasts a vast record of scientific publications and holds tremendous potentialities for biotechnological and biomedical applications. Indeed, this species is widespread in humanassociated habitats and parti
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