Leptin gene polymorphism affects leptin level in childhood asthma
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Leptin gene polymorphism affects leptin level in childhood asthma Dawid Szczepankiewicz1 · Paulina Sobkowiak2 · Beata Narożna3 · Irena Wojsyk‑Banaszak2 · Anna Bręborowicz2 · Aleksandra Szczepankiewicz3 Received: 4 December 2017 / Accepted: 17 August 2018 © The Author(s) 2018
Abstract Background Leptin may induce inflammation in asthma by activation of Th2 cells. It has also been demonstrated that leptin expression increases upon inflammation and that asthmatic patients show increased serum leptin levels. We hypothesized that the polymorphism in leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) genes is associated with childhood asthma and may affect their serum level. To our knowledge, there are no reports analyzing LEP and LEPR polymorphisms in association with their serum levels in childhood asthma. Methods We analyzed 35 subjects: 25 asthmatic pediatric patients and 10 healthy children aged from 6 to 18. The diagnosis of allergic asthma was based on clinical manifestation, lung function, positive skin prick tests and increased immunoglobulin E levels. The polymorphisms were genotyped with use of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Serum levels of leptin and leptin receptor were determined using BioVendor enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Statistical analysis was done with Statistica v.12. Results We observed that leptin levels were increased in asthmatic subjects as compared to healthy controls and were significantly higher during exacerbation than in the asymptomatic period (P = 0.025). We observed that LEP polymorphism (rs13228377) was associated with higher serum leptin levels in asthma and these two variables had high predictive value for asthma risk (P = 0.007, odds ratio 17.5, predictive accuracy 83.9%). LEPR polymorphisms did not show association with its serum level and asthma risk. Conclusion LEP polymorphism may increase asthma risk via influence on its serum level. Keywords Asthma · Gene · Leptin · Leptin receptor · Polymorphism
Introduction Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood. It is characterized by both local inflammation in the airways as well as low grade systemic inflammation. One of the peptides involved in various inflammatory diseases is leptin, a
* Aleksandra Szczepankiewicz [email protected] 1
Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
2
Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, IIIrd Department of Pediatrics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
3
Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, IIIrd Department of Pediatrics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna St. 27/33, 60‑572 Poznan, Poland
hormone that belongs to the interleukin 6 cytokine family. It is mainly produced by adipose tissue and exerts its neuroendocrine effects in the control of food intake and energy expenditure in hypothalamus. In addition to the hyp
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