LncRNA SNHG3, a potential oncogene in human cancers
- PDF / 1,848,088 Bytes
- 11 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 92 Downloads / 175 Views
Cancer Cell International Open Access
REVIEW
LncRNA SNHG3, a potential oncogene in human cancers Bin Xu1†, Jie Mei2†, Wei Ji1†, Zheng Bian1, Jiantong Jiao1, Jun Sun1* and Junfei Shao1*
Abstract Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are composed of > 200 nucleotides; they lack the ability to encode proteins but play important roles in a variety of human tumors. A large number of studies have shown that dysregulated expression of lncRNAs is related to tumor oncogenesis and progression. Emerging evidence shows that SNHG3 is a novel oncogenic lncRNA that is abnormally expressed in various tumors, including osteosarcoma, liver cancer, lung cancer, etc. SNHG3 primarily competes as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that targets tumor suppressor microRNAs (miRNAs) and ceRNA mechanisms that regulate biological processes of tumors. In addition, abnormal expression of SNHG3 is significantly correlated with patient clinical features. Upregulation of SNHG3 contributes to biological functions, including tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT. Therefore, SNHG3 may represent a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, as well as a novel therapeutic target. Keywords: LncRNA, SNHG3, Cancer, Biomarker Background Recent studies have shown that cancer remains a global problem [1–3]. Numerous studies have shown that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) do not encode proteins but exert their function through various mechanisms, which are important aspects of cellular regulation [4–6]. Noncoding RNAs can be categorized according to length into small ncRNAs ( 200 nucleotides, lncRNAs). LncRNAs are differentially classified based on place of their origin on the genome, including long intergenic noncoding RNA, natural antisense transcripts, circular RNA, pseudogene transcripts, transcribed ultraconserved regions, and telomerase RNA components [7–9]. LncRNAs are primarily transcribed by RNA polymerase II but are not translated into proteins [10, 11]. A growing number of studies have shown that lncRNAs play an important role in a variety of biological processes, including *Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] † Bin Xu, Mei Jie and Wei Ji contributed equally to this work 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
transcription, translation, and epigenetics. LncRNAs may act as tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes, affecting processes like cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, invasion, migration, and suppression of immune responses. In addition, several lncRNAs exhibit cell- and tissue-specific expression patterns. Therefore, lncRNAs could be used as molecular markers for the early diagnosis of tumors and as novel targets for tumor treatment [12–18]. The small nuclear protein RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) belongs to a group of long noncoding RNAs that are associated with multiple cancers and are dysregulated in multiple cancers. Recent studies have s
Data Loading...
