Low-Loss and Dispersion-Flattened Octagonal Porous Core PCF for Terahertz Transmission Applications
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RESEARCH PAPER
Low-Loss and Dispersion-Flattened Octagonal Porous Core PCF for Terahertz Transmission Applications Md. Aminul Islam1 • Mohammad Rakibul Islam1 • Zarrin Tasnim1 • Rakina Islam1 • Raisa Labiba Khan1 Ehtesam Moazzam1
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Received: 29 August 2019 / Accepted: 6 April 2020 Ó Shiraz University 2020
Abstract In order to make the direct transmission more effective, we have intended an octagonal shape cladding design in this paper. The minimum resultant effective material loss obtained from our proposed photonic crystal fiber is 0.007 cm-1 at 0.5 THz is very effective. The proposed design gives an ultra-high birefringence of 0.06 with an effective area of about 4 9 10-6 m2, a core power fraction of 70% for 290 lm core diameter with a core porosity of 80% at 1.6 THz frequency and closely zero flattened dispersion of variation of 0.3 ± 0.1 ps/THz/cm at a wide frequency range of 0.7–2.1 THz. Keywords Terahertz Effective material loss Confinement loss Dispersion Octagonal core Core porosity
1 Introduction The terahertz frequency is approximately between 0.1 and 10 THz of the frequency band which lies on the electromagnetic spectrum between microwave and infrared radiation (Fig. 1). In latest years, THz optics has entered a fresh study stage. THz can be used to acquire significant physical information that is unavailable with X-rays or infrared radiation. The interest in THz science clearly reaches basic material studies beyond the growth of light sources and measurement methods. This Nature Photonics problem focuses in particular on THz optics with three reviews, a commentary and an interview that shows the interesting status of present studies in this region. Terahertz waves have useful applications in the fields of sensing (Withayachumnankul et al. 2007; Islam et al. 2018; Sultana et al. 2018; Islam et al. 2018), time-domain spectroscopy (Zhang and Grischkowsky 2004), nondestructive security screening (Nagatsuma et al. 2016), pharmaceutical drug testing (Strachan et al. 2005), biotechnology (Nagel et al. 2002) and short distance high-volume wireless communication (Nagatsuma et al. 2016; Islam et al. 2018). It can & Mohammad Rakibul Islam [email protected] 1
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur 1704, Bangladesh
also be utilized for the diagnosis of nonintrusive types of skin cancer such as dysplastic skin nevi, melanoma and basal cell carcinoma (Ahmed et al. 2017). Terahertz waveguides can also be used in the detection of intraoperative breast cancer and minimally intrusive colon cancer (Rana et al. 2016). However, there are some challenges which are needed to overcome regarding the terahertz frequency. Practically, terahertz sources generate lower power (Chamberlain 2004) and huge amount of losses (Attenuation by Atmospheric Gases 2013). As a result, a large number of researches have been trying to generate low-loss terahertz wave propagation. Porous core photonic crystal fiber can be used as a solution for this. Photonic crystal fib
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