Low-Power Design Techniques and CAD Tools for Analog and RF Integrated Circuits
Modern System-on-Chip designs are increasingly mixed-signal designs that require efficient systematic design methodologies and supporting computer-aided design (CAD) tools to manage the design complexity in the available design time, that is ever decreasi
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Low-Power Design Techniques and CAD Tools for Analog and RF Integrated Circuits Edited by
Piet Wambacq IMEC
Georges Gielen Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and
John Gerrits CSEM System Engineering Series Editors
Rene van Leuken Alexander de Graaf Reinder Nouta TU Delft/DIMES, Delft, The Netherlands
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS NEW YORK, BOSTON, DORDRECHT, LONDON, MOSCOW
eBook ISBN: Print ISBN:
0-306-48089-1 0-7923-7432-0
©2003 Kluwer Academic Publishers New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow Print ©2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers Dordrecht All rights reserved No part of this eBook may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without written consent from the Publisher Created in the United States of America Visit Kluwer Online at: and Kluwer's eBookstore at:
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Contents
List of Figures
xi
List of Tables
xix
Contributing Authors
xxi
Foreword
xxv
Introduction
xxxi
1 Motivation, context and objectives Georges Gielen, Piet Wambacq, John F.M. Gerrits
1
2 Analysis and simulation of RF subsystems Jaijeet Roychowdhury 2.1 Steady-state analysis 2.1.1 Harmonic Balance and Shooting 2.1.2 Fast Methods 2.2 Multitime analysis 2.2.1 Autonomous Systems: the Warped MPDE 2.2.2 Macromodelling time-varying systems 2.3 Noise in RF design 2.3.1 Mixing noise 2.3.2 Phase Noise 2.4 Conclusions
9 10 12 14 18 22 25 27 32 36
References
40
9
3 43 FAST: an efficient high-level dataflow simulator of mixed-signal frontends of digital telecom transceivers Gerd Vandersteen, Piet Wambacq, Stéphane Donnay, Wolfgang Eberle Yves Rolain
v
vi
LOW-POWER TECHNIQUES AND TOOLS FOR ANALOG AND RF IC’S 3.1 3.2 3.3
3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7
3.8
High-level models of front-end blocks Multirate multicarrier (MRMC) representation of signals Computation of the response to an MRMC signal 3.3.1 Combinatorial approach 3.3.2 Fourier transform approach Construction of a computational graph Scheduling and execution Coupling of FAST with the digital simulation environment OCAPI Runtime examples 3.7.1 Influence of the buffer size on the CPU time 3.7.2 Processing of nonlinear blocks Conclusions
References 4 Efficient high-level simulation of analog telecom frontends Piet Vanassche, Georges Gielen, Willy Sansen Situating the exponential approach within a global framework for 4.1 simulation algorithms 4.1.1 Basic ideas behind simulation 4.1.2 An overview of some existing simulation algorithms 4.1.3 The complex damped exponential approach The complex damped exponential basis and its signal modeling ca4.2 pabilities A simulation approach using complex damped exponentials 4.3 4.3.1 Elementary arithmetics using exponentials 4.3.2 Algorithms for dealing with linear systems 4.3.3 Algorithms for dealing with weakly nonlinear systems 4.3.4 Conversion between sampled data and exponential representation Experimental results 4.4 Conclusions 4.5
References 5 High-level power estimation of analog front-end blocks Erik Lauwers, Georges Gielen Sys
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