Lower Serum Levels of Th2-Related Chemokine CCL22 in Women Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Comparison Between Patien

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Lower Serum Levels of Th2-Related Chemokine CCL22 in Women Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Comparison Between Patients and Healthy Women A. Jafarzadeh,1,2,3,4 H. A. Ebrahimi,1 S. Bagherzadeh,2 F. Zarkesh,1 F. Iranmanesh,1 A. Najafzadeh,1 A. Khosravimashizi,2 M. Nemati,2 A. Sabahi,1 H. Hajghani,2 H. Daneshvar,2 and M. M. Mohammadi2

Abstract—Chemokines play a major role in autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Gender also affects the susceptibility and course of MS. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum levels of the macrophage-derived chemokine (CCL22) in women and men patients with MS. Blood samples were collected from 135 healthy subjects (35 men and 100 women) and 135 MS patients (29 men and 136 women; 47 newly diagnosed and 88 treated patients and have relapsing-remitting (RRMS; n=65), secondary progressive (SPMS; n=37), primary progressive (PPMS; n=19), or progressive relapsing (PRMS; n=14) patterns). The serum levels of CCL22 were measured by ELISA. The difference of the mean serum levels of CCL22 between the newly diagnosed MS men and healthy men was not significant, but in newly diagnosed MS women, the mean serum levels of CCL22 were significantly lower than those in treated MS women and healthy women (P