Macrocystis pyrifera : substrate for the production of bioactive compounds
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23RD INTERNATIONAL SEAWEED SYMPOSIUM, JEJU
Macrocystis pyrifera: substrate for the production of bioactive compounds A. Leyton 1
&
M. E. Lienqueo 2 & C. Shene 1
Received: 26 July 2019 / Revised and accepted: 11 December 2019 # Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract In recent decades products of marine origin have been the subject of intense investigation; new substances with pharmacological and nutraceutical properties have been discovered. On the other hand, processes more economical and friendly to the environment to produce biocompounds are needed. One alternative is biorefinery for the production of diverse bioproducts starting from one raw material. Our research group studied Macrocystis pyrifera as source of carbohydrates and phlorotannins, and the conditions for their extraction have been determined. The production of carotenoids from algal carbohydrates and the use of phlorotannins from the brown seaweed as antioxidant and antibacterial compounds were evaluated. The extraction yield of carbohydrate and phlorotannins were 81.02 ± 8.9 and 1.62 ± 0.13%, respectively. Carbohydrates were used for the growth and production of carotenoids by a marine yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The carotenoid content of the yeast biomass was 427 mg g−1 of dry biomass. Main carotenoids were lycopene (38.4 ± 9.4%), β-carotene (21.8 ± 1.5%), and astaxanthin (1.8 ± 0.3%). The residual fraction was used as fertilizer for the hydroponic cultivation of lettuce obtaining an increase of 28 ± 2.8% in dry weight. Here, we have demonstrated that M. pyrifera can be used to obtain antioxidants/antimicrobials, as nutrient source for the biotechnological production of carotenoids; moreover, the residue can be used as fertilizer. Keywords Antioxidant compounds . Biorefinery . Carotenoids . Marine yeast . Phaeophyta
Introduction Macrocystis pyrifera is a brown algal kelp species with a high content of soluble carbohydrates (between 30 to 70% w/w of dry weight) (Holdt and Kraan 2011). This alga is present in the Pacific Ocean (Arvizu-Higuera et al. 1996; Buschmann et al. 2014; Ortiz 2011) and is very abundant in the coastal areas of Chile and Peru (Plana et al. 2007). Brown algae are the source of different and unique bioactive compounds such as polyphenols known as phlorotannins (Gutowska et al. 2001; Lee and Lee 2012a, b). Main uses of M. pyrifera are as feed for abalone
* A. Leyton [email protected] 1
Center for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CeBiB) and Center of Food Biotechnology and Bioseparations (BIOREN), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad de La Frontera, Francisco Salazar, 01145 Temuco, Chile
2
Center for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (CeBiB), Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, Universidad de Chile, Beauchef, 851 Santiago, Chile
and hydrocolloid production. Macrocystis pyrifera has been used as a chemical platform for the production of varied biocompounds via conversion of the carbohydrate fraction through microbial fermentation (Gao and McKinley 1994; Hafting et al. 2015; Ti
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