Micro-nanofibrillated cellulose preparation from bleached softwood pulp using chemo-refining approach and its evaluation
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Micro‑nanofibrillated cellulose preparation from bleached softwood pulp using chemo‑refining approach and its evaluation as strength enhancer for paper properties Varun Kumar1 · Puneet Pathak1 · Nishi Kant Bhardwaj2 Received: 6 July 2020 / Accepted: 29 September 2020 © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2020
Abstract An industry compatible chemo-refining approach was tested for preparation of micro-nanofibrillated cellulose (MNFC) from bleached softwood pulp using sodium meta-periodate and sodium chlorite as oxidizers followed by refining in Valley beater. SEM and FTIR analyses confirmed micro-nano scale fibrillation and chemical functional group modification in laboratory prepared MNFC, respectively. The water retention value, carboxyl content and viscosity of MNFC were found comparable with imported NFC as reference (R-NFC). To evaluate MNFC as strength enhancer for paper properties, 5% MNFC addition to bleached mixed hardwood pulp showed 6% reduction in bulk with 36%, 24% and 97% increment in breaking length, burst index and double fold of the handsheets, respectively without affecting tear index and optical properties than the control. Surface properties were also improved. Pulp drainability (37°SR) after MNFC addition was found suitable for papermaking. These laboratory results confirmed the potential of MNFC as a suitable strength additive for paper quality improvement.
* Nishi Kant Bhardwaj [email protected] 1
Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials Group, Avantha Centre for Industrial Research and Development, Paper Mill Campus, Yamuna Nagar 135001, India
Avantha Centre for Industrial Research and Development, Paper Mill Campus, Yamuna Nagar 135001, India
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Applied Nanoscience
Graphic abstract
Keywords Micro-nanofibrillated cellulose · Bleached softwood pulp · Chemo-refining approach · Drainability · Paper properties
Introduction Paper is an essential product for human life. Cellulose, the most abundant organic material, is the base material for the production of paper. In recent years, researchers have focused their mind to search the new lignocellulosic raw materials (available in abundant amounts) and to reduce the dependency on softwood (provides strength due to long fibres) to overcome the shortage problem of raw materials. Softwood fibres are generally mixed with hardwood, agro-residues and waste papers having comparatively short fibres to provide the desired strength properties as per the requirement of papermakers (Tripathi et al. 2017; Chauhan et al. 2013; Hassan et al. 2011; Eriksen et al. 2008). Besides this, various chemicals (such as starch, acrylamide) and fibre fractions (micro/nano cellulosic fibres) have been studied and explored for various applications (Boufi et al. 2016). According to TAPPI standard terms and their definition for cellulose nanomaterial (WI 3021) microfibrillated
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cellulose (MFC) is defined as the cellulose fibrils having width ~ 10–100 nm and length of 0.5–10 µm, usually produced by m
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