MicroRNAs in Plant Development and Stress Responses
Precise regulation of gene expression in both time and space is vital to plant growth, development and adaptation to biotic and abiotic stress conditions. This is achieved by multiple mechanisms, with perhaps the most important control being exerted at th
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Series Editors Frantisˇ ek Balusˇ ka Department of Plant Cell Biology, IZMB, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Jorge M. Vivanco Center for Rhizosphere Biology, Colorado State University, 217 Shepardson Building, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1173, USA
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/8094
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Ramanjulu Sunkar Editor
MicroRNAs in Plant Development and Stress Responses
Editor Ramanjulu Sunkar Oklahoma State University Dept. Biochemistry & Molecular Biol Noble Research Center 246 Stillwater, Oklahoma USA
ISSN 1867-9048 e-ISSN 1867-9056 ISBN 978-3-642-27383-4 e-ISBN 978-3-642-27384-1 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-27384-1 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2012932737 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Proteins are the building blocks of all living cells. Cell fate that includes the type of cell, its function, and the timing of its death are largely determined by which proteins are produced in the cell, and at what quantities and when they are produced. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the number of protein molecules produced by the messenger RNA molecule in specific cell type at particular developmental stage, thus, emerged as critical regulators of gene expression at posttranscriptional level. The lessons from plant miRNA biology are quite clear. These are the major regulators of gene expression by virtue of their preponderance to target transcription factors. The silencing or fine-tuning of miRNA target genes at appropriate places and times allows the plant to grow and complete its’ life cycle normally. On the same lines, miRNA-controlled regulation of gene expression is necessary for plants’ adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses including the lack of nutrients. This book highlights the roles of various miRNAs that control and regulate these diverse plant processes, which are discussed in a detailed manner by expert contributors. Expert authors also emphasize the current challenges and outstanding questions for future research in this field. Thus, this is a comprehensive book on plant miRNA
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