Modeling and simulation of ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetics: electric circuits approach
The development of models that fit to behavior of the drug pharmacokinetics and quantitatively describe the concentration-time relationship plus its integration with the development of tools that allow to implement them in clinical practice to model and s
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Bioinstrumentation and Clinical Engineering Research Group - GIBIC, Bioengineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA; Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia 2 GRIPE (Grupo Investigador de Problemas en Enfermedades Infecciosas), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical School, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA; Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
Abstract— The development of models that fit to behavior of the drug pharmacokinetics and quantitatively describe the concentration-time relationship plus its integration with the development of tools that allow to implement them in clinical practice to model and simulate the better clinical outcomes are recommended to promote the rational use of drugs. It relies on the development of models that describe the body as a set of compartments and transitions. These models are then represented by a set of ordinary differential equations. This article discusses the development of a pair of circuital models that describes the pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin, a broad spectrum antibiotic and their fitting to experimental data previously published. As a result, there is no relevant difference between the RLC model and the RC model, the fitting algorithm used found that L should be zero reducing the RLC model to a RC model, showing that a first order model is sufficient for modeling pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin. Keywords—Drug modeling, Pharmacokinetics, Antibiotics
I.INTRODUCTION According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the irrational use of medicines causes between the 8% and the 10% of clinical admissions and near of 100.000 deaths per year worldwide [1]. The non-rational use of antibiotics entails other problems, such as the bacterial resistance or the probability to select the subpopulation of resistant bacteria during a treatment, leading to regrowth despite the use of high drug concentration originally effective. According to the WHO, the antimicrobial resistance is an increasing serious threat to global public health that demands attention. Without urgent, coordinated action, the world is heading towards a post-antibiotic era, in which common infections and minor injuries in the community and hospitals, which have been treatable for decades, can once again kill [2].
Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic used to treat or prevent certain infections and in the treatment and prevention of anthrax in people who may have been exposed to anthrax germs in the air, a misuse of this antibiotic may increase the risk of bacterial resistance at the same time that may promote the development of tendinitis and other kinds of disorders [10]. The pharmacometrics is the science of quantitative pharmacology [6], relying on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of the drug, provides mathematical tools to model and simulate clinical outcomes, that help to support the generation and optimization of the dosing schedules to contain bacterial resistance [9]. As a part of pharmacometrics, the pharmacokinetics (PK) is focused to determine the con
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