Molecular Characterization of Human Respiratory Adenoviruses Infection in Xining City, China In 2018
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LETTER
Molecular Characterization of Human Respiratory Adenoviruses Infection in Xining City, China In 2018 Juan Yu1,3 • Shengcang Zhao3 • Huaxiang Rao2,4 Received: 18 March 2020 / Accepted: 5 August 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020
Dear Editor, Adenoviruses are non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA viruses belonging to the Adenoviridae family. To date, 100 unique genotypes of adenoviruses have been identified, from species A to G, could cause respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract and ocular infections in human (Akello et al. 2020). Previous studies have reported that specific adenoviral types are often associated with certain clinical symptoms, epidemiological settings and demographic risk groups. Human adenovirus (HAdV) genotypes HAdV-B, HAdV-C, and HAdV-E are usually associated with respiratory infection; HAdV-A, -D, -F, and -G with gastrointestinal disease; and HAdV-D and E with ocular diseases in the healthy individuals (Lynch et al. 2011). Although HAdVs infection is mild and self-limited in the healthy individuals, it can be life-threatening in immune-compromised patients (Echavarria 2008). HAdVs are playing an important role in the respiratory infections, which are responsible for several lower respiratory tract diseases. So far, little data on circulating HAdVs have been collected in Qinghai Province. Our previous study showed that the species HAdV-B3, HAdV-C1 and HAdV-C2 were the prevalent HAdV types in children in Xining City during 2016–2017 (Yu et al. 2019), which was a little different from the strains circulating in other
& Huaxiang Rao [email protected] 1
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
2
Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
3
Center of Hygiene Inspection, Qinghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810007, China
4
Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Qinghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xining 810007, China
provinces of China (Li et al. 1996; Xie et al. 2012; Zou et al. 2012). The adenovirus capsid is composed of three major proteins: hexon, fiber and penton base. Based on the hypervariable regions, the hexon gene is most commonly used in the adenoviruses classification (Sarantis et al. 2004). Recently, phylogenetic analysis of the fiber gene has also been incorporated to observe the recombination events amongst adenovirus genotypes (Adhikary et al. 2011; Liu et al. 2011). In this study, we performed active surveillance for HAdV infections based on the hexon and fiber gene sequencing in Xining City. This knowledge would benefit for better understanding the prevalence and molecular evolution of HAdVs and might assist with the effective prevention and control of respiratory adenoviruses infection in Xining City. As we know, from the influenza surveillance data, a large number of influenza-like cases were found negative for influenza viru
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