Molecular marker assisted for recognition drought tolerant in some of bread wheat genotypes
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J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2012 (March) 15 (1) : 17 ~ 23 DOI No. 10.1007/s12892-011-0051-1 RESEARCH ARTICLE
Molecular Marker Assisted for Recognition Drought Tolerant in Some of Bread Wheat Genotypes Abdelaleim Ismail ElSayed1*, Muhammad Suhail Rafudeen2 Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt Molecular and Cell Biology, Science Faculty, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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Received:July 27, 2011 / Revised: September 4, 2011 / Accepted: December 17, 2011 Ⓒ Korean Society of Crop Science and Springer 2012
Abstract To develop crop plants with enhanced tolerance of drought stress, a basic understanding of physiological, biochemical, and genetic networks is essential. Four bread wheat genotypes and one wheat line were evaluated for molecular indicators of drought tolerance using RAPD-PCR and protein profiling. The RAPD markers were used to determine the genetic differences between the five wheat genotypes and to determine the molecular markers associated with tolerance to drought. The present study found that RAPD analysis is a valuable diagnostic tool when different sets of RAPD primers were used to study the polymorphism at the molecular level. A total of 72 alleles were amplified with six random primers out of which 61% were monomorphic and 38% were polymorphic. Primer B8 amplified a 600 bp band in Sham-6 which is assumed to be a drought-tolerant genotype, while primer A-8 amplified a 550 bp band in genotypes Giza-168 and Sham-6. Genetically, the most similar genotypes were Sham-6 and Line-7 (93%) followed by Gemaza-9 and Giza-168 (92%) while the most dissimilar genotype was Sakha-93 (86%). Protein profiling revealed differences between the genotypes with a protein band presents at 130 KDa in the Sham-6, Gemaza-9, and Sakha-93 genotypes and absent in Line-7 and Giza-168. Proline content was highest in the drought-tolerant genotypes, Sham-6 and Sakha-93. Sucrose content in shoots was increased in tolerant plants (Sakha-93 and Sham-6), while there was a reduction in sucrose in the shoot tissues of the seedling stage of Gemaza-9, Line-7, and Giza-168. Overall, the accumulation of reducing sugars was lowest in all plants compared with sucrose content. Key words: bread wheat, drought tolerance, proline, RAPD
Introduction Bread wheat is the most important crop in Egypt, providing half of the food supply. Drought and salinity are widespread problems around the world, especially in Egypt. Water deficit stress, which can arise from many environmental conditions, including drought, salinity, and extremes in temperature has adverse effects on the growth of plants and crop yields. Furthermore, the water deficit stress induces numerous biochemical and physiological responses in plants (Shinozaki and Yamaguchi-Shinozaki 2000). Plant growth under water deficit can also be affected by changes in gene expression, leading to the synthesis and activation of novel proteins under water deficit Abdelaleim Ismail ElSayed (
) E-mail: [email protected] Tel: 002-055-2282360 / Fax: 002-
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