Morphology-dependent of nanosizes CdS toward efficient photocatalytic Cr (VI) reduction
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RESEARCH PAPER
Morphology-dependent of nanosizes CdS toward efficient photocatalytic Cr (VI) reduction Ying Cao & Hongfei Yin & Tianle Fan & Xiaoheng Liu & Shenming Chen
Received: 7 January 2020 / Accepted: 16 June 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract CdS with different morphologies were prepared by simple methods (mainly by water bath) with different solvents, including CdS nanoparticles (CdS-0), CdS nanorods (CdS-1), CdS nanosheets (CdS-2), and CdS nanospheres (CdS-3). The structures and morphologies of as-prepared samples were characterized by XRD, XPS, UV–vis DRS, TEM, and SEM. All the prepared samples were used for the photoreduction of Cr (VI) to characterize the photocatalytic performance. CdS-1 shows the highest photocatalytic efficiency was prepared by simply stirring using ethylenediamine as solvent and thiourea as the sulfur source; 98.4% of Cr (VI) can be reduced to Cr (III) within 25 min. The increased photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the high crystallinity and purity, fast separate efficiency, and migration efficiency of electrons (e−) and holes (h+), as well. This work showed that morphologies and crystallinities have significant impact on the Cr (VI) photoreduction efficiency and introduced a simple method for fabricating samples with different morphologies, which Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-020-04926-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Y. Cao : H. Yin : T. Fan : X. Liu (*) Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China e-mail: [email protected] S. Chen (*) Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan e-mail: [email protected]
add the knowledge for Cr (VI) reduction. Hoping our work can provide a tendency to fabricate efficient photocatalysis via a simple method. Keywords CdS . Cr (VI) photoreduction . Morphology . Nanomaterials . Nanostructured catalysts
Introduction Energy and the environment are two major problems facing the world today. Since the discovery of TiO2 used as the catalyst for water splitting under light irradiation (Fujishima et al. 2018; Fujishima and Honda 1972), semiconductor photocatalytic technology was recognized as promising ways to meet the requirements of these two problems. However, due to the unsatisfactory bandgap of pure TiO2, only UV and an extremely small part of visible light could be utilized for photocatalysis, which has a great limitation on the conversion efficiency of solar light, making photocatalysis technology difficult to be applied on a large scale. Therefore, semiconductor photocatalysts with visible even near-infrared light response have been extensively investigated for water splitting (Wang et al. 2019; Ai et al. 2019), reduction of CO2 to high-value chemical products (Kar et al. 2019; Maimaitizi et al. 2020),
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