Nanobiotechnology in Neurodegenerative Diseases
This book focuses on neurodegenerative diseases which have become a major threat to human health. Neurodegenerative diseases are age related disorders and have become increasingly prevalent in the elderly population in recent years. Hence, there is an urg
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obiotechnology in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Nanobiotechnology in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Mahendra Rai • Alka Yadav Editors
Nanobiotechnology in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Editors Mahendra Rai Nanobiotechnology Laboratory Department of Biotechnology SGB Amravati University Amravati, Maharashtra, India
Alka Yadav Nanobiotechnology Laboratory Department of Biotechnology SGB Amravati University Amravati, Maharashtra, India
Department of Chemistry Federal University of Piauí Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
ISBN 978-3-030-30929-9 ISBN 978-3-030-30930-5 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30930-5 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
Neurodegenerative (ND) diseases comprise a range of conditions that primarily affect the neurons in the human brain. Neurons are the building blocks of our brain, which normally don’t reproduce or replace themselves if they get damaged. ND diseases include Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and Huntington’s disease. The most problematic feature of ND diseases is that they are incurable and result in the progressive degeneration of neuron cells. The major cause of ND diseases is related to genetic mutation; apart from this, protein misfolding, DNA damage, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and programmed cell death are the other causes of ND diseases. A number of ND disorders have been thoroughly examined, but successful, early diagnoses and treatment have been limited. The key reason for this is the blood–brain barrier that prevents the penetration of the majority of drugs and agents to effectively treat the disorders. Nanobiotechnology as an emerging tool has the potential to play a pivo
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