Nanomechanical sampling of material for nanoscale mass spectrometry chemical analysis
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RESEARCH PAPER
Nanomechanical sampling of material for nanoscale mass spectrometry chemical analysis Olga S. Ovchinnikova 1
&
Matthias Lorenz 1,2 & Ryan B. Wagner 3 & Ron M. A. Heeren 4 & Roger Proksch 5
Received: 17 June 2020 / Revised: 3 September 2020 / Accepted: 21 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The ability to spatially resolve the chemical distribution of compounds on a surface is important in many applications ranging from biological to material science. To this extent, we have recently introduced a hybrid atomic force microscopy (AFM)-mass spectrometry (MS) system for direct thermal desorption and pyrolysis of material with nanoscale chemical resolution. However, spatially resolved direct surface heating using local thermal desorption becomes challenging on material surfaces with low melting points, because the material will undergo a melting phase transition due to heat dissipation prior to onset of thermal desorption. Therefore, we developed an approach using mechanical sampling and collection of surface materials on an AFM cantilever probe tip for real-time analysis directly from the AFM tip. This approach allows for material to be concentrated directly onto the probe for subsequent MS analysis. We evaluate the performance metrics of the technique and demonstrate localized MS sampling from a candelilla wax matrix containing UV stabilizers avobenzone and oxinoxate from areas down to 250 nm × 250 nm. Overall, this approach removes heat dissipation into the bulk material allowing for a faster desorption and concentration of the gas phase analyte from a single heating pulse enabling higher signal levels from a given amount of material in a single sampling spot. Keywords Mechanical sampling . Thermal desorption . Nanometer scale . Atmospheric pressure . Atomic force microscopy . Mass spectrometry . Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization
Introduction The structure-function relationship in systems ranging from additives in adhesives and soft materials to cellular function in
biological systems is often defined by chemical segregation that occurs at the nanoscale. However, chemical composition in these materials is routinely studied using bulk analysis approaches like liquid and gas chromatography (LC and GC) coupled with mass
This manuscript has been authored by a contractor of the US Government under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the US Government retains a paid-up, nonexclusive, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this contribution, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, or allow others to do so, for US Government purposes. Published in the topical collection Mass Spectrometry Imaging 2.0 with guest editors Shane R. Ellis and Tiffany Siegel Porta. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-020-02967-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * O
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