Optimization of ultrasound assisted extraction of polyphenols from Meghalayan cherry fruit ( Prunus nepalensis ) using r
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Optimization of ultrasound assisted extraction of polyphenols from Meghalayan cherry fruit (Prunus nepalensis) using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) approach Piyush Kashyap1 · Charanjit Singh Riar1 · Navdeep Jindal1 Received: 19 February 2020 / Accepted: 19 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this work, polyphenols have been recovered from Meghalayan cherry using ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE). The RSM and ANN were used to analyse the effect of solvent concentration (40–80%), solvent-solid ratio (10–30 ml/g), extraction time (15–45 min) and amplitude (20–40%) on yield and total phenol content (TPC) of fruit extract. The yield (41.30%), TPC (117.80 mgGAE/g), DPPH (85.11 ± 0.40%) and FRAP (0.92 ± 0.46 mg AAE/g) of Meghalayan cherry extracts were obtained under optimal extraction conditions (solvent concentration (58%); solvent-solid ratio (26 ml/g); time (31 min); amplitude (28%)). Results indicated that RSM and ANN could be effectively applied to describe the experimental data, but ANN showed better prediction accuracy as compared to RSM due to higher R2 and lesser MSE. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of polyphenols and Liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy quadrupole time-of-flight (LC-MS-Q-TOF) identified sixteen polyphenols compounds, out of which ten were proposed for the first time in Meghalayan cherry fruit. Scanning electron microscopy showed that ultrasound processing caused disruptions in the cell wall of fruit powder which leads to higher extraction of polyphenolic compounds. Thus, the extract obtained from UAE has higher antioxidant activity and would be used in pharmaceuticals and food products as a source of bioactive compounds. Furthermore, ANN found to be an efficient tool for predicting extraction efficiency of Meghalayan cherry polyphenols. Keywords Meghalayan cherry · Ultrasound · LC-MS-Q-TOF · Polyphenols · FTIR · Pharmaceutical
Introduction Polyphenols are the structural class of organic chemicals which comprising primarily natural as well as synthetic compounds containing a large number of structural phenolic components. Due to presence of hydroxyl groups, these phenolic compounds possess high scavenging activity [1]. They are vital for development of plant and have variety of pharmacological characteristics such as anti-microbial, antiallergenic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardio protective and vasodilatory health impacts [2]. Consumers mainly prefer natural antioxidants as compared to synthetic * Piyush Kashyap [email protected] 1
Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, Punjab 148106, India
antioxidants [3]. In this regard, crude extracts from natural plant sources are gaining interest among researchers and food industries as they are rich in phenolic compounds and possess health benefits as well as non-toxic in nature [4]. Among various
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