Orthophosphate enhances N 2 O production from aerobic hydroxylamine decomposition: implications to N 2 O emissions from
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Orthophosphate enhances N2O production from aerobic hydroxylamine decomposition: implications to N2O emissions from nitrification in ornithogenic and manure-fertilized soils Min Joon Song 1 & Hyun Yoon 1 & Tae-Kwon Lee 2 & Miye Kwon 1 & Sukhwan Yoon 1 Received: 18 September 2019 / Revised: 3 February 2020 / Accepted: 13 February 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Soils affected by animal wastes have simultaneously high N and P contents. Despite the reports of high nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in such environments, the role that P plays in N2O dynamics has not yet been systematically investigated. Here, we report the enhancement effect of orthophosphate (PO43−-P) abundance on N2O yields from abiotic NH2OH decomposition, which may have substantial implications to N2O emissions from nitrification in such P-rich soils. The axenic cultures of Nitrosomonas europaea, an ammonia-oxidizing bacterium previously reported to leak NH2OH, exhibited significantly higher N2O yields when incubated at higher PO43−-P concentrations. As NH4+-to-NO2− turnover and growth rates were unaffected even at the highest PO43−-P concentration examined, the abiotic interaction between extracellularly released NH2OH and PO43−-P was the most plausible mechanism of enhanced N2O emission in these nitrifier cultures. This proposed mechanism was supported by the results of abiotic NH2OH incubation whereby higher PO43−-P concentration resulted in higher N2O yield. Orthophosphate enhancement of NH2OH-to-N2O turnover was then simulated with addition of 5 μmol NH2OH to an ornithogenic soil with high PO43−-P content (23.9 ± 6.7 g/kg wet soil) and active nitrification activity after sterilization. The N2O yield, 69.0 ± 4.6%, was significantly higher than the N2O yields for other examined soils with lower PO43−-P contents (0–1.94 g/kg wet soil), and the PO43−-P contents of the examined soils exhibited strong correlation with the N2O yields. These findings suggest that N2O production from nitrification via abiotic turnover of released NH2OH may be a consequential mechanism of N2O emissions in PO43−-P-rich soils. Keywords Nitrous oxide . Orthophosphate, hydroxylamine . Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria . Ornithogenic soil . Manure
Introduction The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change estimates the radiative forcing of N2O to be 0.17 ± 0.03 Wm−2, accounting for ca. 6.2% of the total global warming potential (IPCC 2013, 2014). Despite its relatively low net contribution to the global warming effect, strategic approaches for mitigation of Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-020-01443-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Sukhwan Yoon [email protected] 1
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
2
Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26492, South Korea
environmental N2O emission are warranted, as per-mole global warming potential
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