Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on the bimodal polymer polyurethane/polyacrylonitrile containing ce
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on the bimodal polymer polyurethane/polyacrylonitrile containing cellulose phosphate nanowhisker Arash Padash1 · Raheleh Halabian2 · Ali Salimi3 · Negar Motakef Kazemi1 · Mohsen Shahrousvand4 Received: 14 August 2020 / Accepted: 9 October 2020 © Japan Human Cell Society 2020
Abstract Polycaprolactone diol is the cornerstone, equipped with polyacrylonitrile and cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs), of biocompatible and biodegradable polyurethanes (PUs). The solvent casting/particulate leaching technique was employed to contracting foam scaffolds with bimodal sizes from the combination of polyurethane/polyacrylonitrile/cellulose nanowhisker nanocomposites. Sugar and sodium chloride are components used as porogens to develop the leaching method and fabricate the 3D scaffolds. Incorporation of different percentages of cellulose nanowhisker leads to the various efficient structures with biodegradability and biocompatibility properties. All nanocomposites scaffolds, as revealed by MTT assay using mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) lines, were non-cytotoxic. PU/PAN/CNW foam scaffolds were used for osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Based on the results, PU/PAN/CNW nanocomposites could not only support osteogenic differentiation but can also enhance the proliferation of hMSCs in three-dimensional synthetic extracellular matrix.
* Raheleh Halabian [email protected]; [email protected] * Ali Salimi [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2
Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3
Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4
Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
13
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A. Padash et al.
Graphic abstract
Keywords Osteogenic differentiation · Mesenchymal stem cells · Polyurethane · Polyacrylonitrile · Cellular phosphate nanowhisker
Introduction The nanocomposite is a class of novel materials with unique physical and chemical properties and great potential in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering [1]. The dispersion of nanomaterials into an organic polymer increases due to the creating of novel properties in polymer nanocomposites. Producing a method along with controlling the three-dimensional nanostructure, composition, and morphology of nanocomposites plays an essential role in their applications. The advantages and properties of nanocomposite materials can be gained via improving their effects and features, although nanomaterials have unique properties [2]. The engineered tissues are prepared to regenerate the normal functions of damaged tissues in the course of the regeneration process and then integrate with the
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