Plant regeneration from Eucalyptus bosistoana callus culture
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Plant regeneration from Eucalyptus bosistoana callus culture Sabai Saw Shwe 1 & David W.M. Leung 1 Received: 3 December 2019 / Accepted: 31 May 2020 / Editor: Eun Ju Choi # The Society for In Vitro Biology 2020
Abstract Eucalyptus bosistoana is an important durable hardwood species selected by New Zealand Dryland Forest Initiative (NZDFI) for their adaptability to diverse environments and good quality wood. There is no report on in vitro methods for callus induction and plantlet micropropagation of this species, although these methods could assist further genetic improvement of plants. In this study, different combinations of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and benzyl adenine (BA) at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 2 mg L−1 were investigated for callus induction, shoot regeneration, shoot elongation and root formation. High frequency of callus induction was obtained when cotyledon explants were cultured on MS (Murashige and Skoog medium 1962) with 1.0 mg L−1 NAA and 1.5 mg L−1 BA. For shoot regeneration from callus, MS medium with 0.5 mg L−1 NAA and 1.5 mg L−1 BA was an effective medium. Shoot elongation was observed on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L−1 NAA, 1.0 mg L−1 BA and 1.0 mg L−1 GA3. High frequency of adventitious root formation in micro-cuttings of E. bosistoana was observed on half-strength MS medium with 0.5 to 1.0 mg L−1 NAA. Finally, pre-acclimatization of the micropropagated plantlets led to 100% survival under glasshouse conditions. Keywords Callus induction . Plantlet acclimatization . Root formation . Shoot regeneration
Introduction Eucalyptus spp. are useful for durable hardwood production due to their abilities of good adaptation to different environments, rapid growth and producing high-quality wood for the various purposes of fibre, saw timber, chipboard, charcoal, posts and building construction (Nakhooda and Mandiri 2016). After banning CCA (copper chrome arsenic) treatment in USA and Europe, hardwood Eucalyptus species are becoming popular as a source of wood preservative-free high-grade timber (Li et al. 2018). New Zealand grown durable eucalypts may be used to substitute CCA-treated wood for various usages and are also ideal for diverse land areas (Millner and Kemp 2012). In Australia, there are 101 million hectares of Eucalyptus plantations, making up 77% of the Australian native forest area (Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences 2019). In New Zealand, there are nearly 25,000 ha with Eucalyptus plants, resulting in only 1% of timber production in the country (Li et al. 2018). * David W.M. Leung [email protected] 1
School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
Since 1988, Eucalyptus bosistoana has been recognized as the best species of special interest to the New Zealand Dryland Forests Initiative (NZDFI) project. E. bosistoana is known as Coast grey box or Gippsland grey box and a Class 1 durable hardwood which is resistant to termite damage and highly dura
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