Plastid genomes of Elaeagnus mollis : comparative and phylogenetic analyses
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Ó Indian Academy of Sciences (0123456789().,-volV) (0123456789().,-volV)
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Plastid genomes of Elaeagnus mollis: comparative and phylogenetic analyses YONGQIN CHENG1, YANCI YANG2, XUENING FU1, LI LIU1, ZAIMIN JIANG3 and JING CAI1* 1College
of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People’s Republic of China of Biological Science and Technology, Baotou Teachers’ College, Baotou 014030, People’s Republic of China 3College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, People’s Republic of China 2School
*For correspondence. E-mail: [email protected]. Received 16 November 2019; revised 11 June 2020; accepted 13 August 2020 Abstract. Plastomes, which are maternally inherited and show a moderate rate of evolution, play a critical role in phylogenetic reconstruction and assignment of plant species. However, little is known about the sequence divergence and molecular evolutionary patterns of plastid genomes in Elaeagnus mollis, a plant of great economic, medicinal, edible and ecological values. The plastid genome of E. mollis is 152,224-bp long and has 47 repeat sequences, including tandem (17), dispersed (12), and palindromic (18) types of repeat variations. Here, we reported six divergence hotspots (atpH-atpI, petN-psbM, trnT-psbD, trnP-psaJ, rpl32-trnL and ycf1) that could potentially be used as molecular genetic markers for population genetics and phylogenetic studies of E. mollis. A comparison of plastid genomes in the order Rosales showed that the trnH gene was duplicated only in Elaeagnaceae; therefore, it is an important marker in Elaeagnaceae. Phylogenetic analyses based on whole plastid genome sequences in 33 species revealed that Rosales is divided into two strongly supported clades and that the families Elaeagnaceae and Barbeyaceae are closely related. Keywords.
plastid genome; phylogenetic relationship; repeat sequence; trnH gene; Elaeagnus mollis.
Introduction Elaeagnus mollis is known as ‘monk Tang’s flesh’ because of its seed, which contains vitamin E up to 1558.1 mg/100 g (Yao 2005), which is rare in nature. E. mollis, a small deciduous tree belongs to the genus Elaeagnus of the family Elaeagnaceae, is a relic of Quaternary glaciations in China. It is regarded as a rare woody oil plant with high economic, medicinal, edible and ecological values (Xie and Ling 1997; Liang et al. 2015). Previous studies showed that E. mollis kernels have 32.2l% protein, with 17 different amino acids. Seven of these amino acids (valine, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine and lysine) are essential for humans and animals (Yao 2005). Copious high-quality grease, especially linoleic acid is found in E. mollis seeds, Yongqin Cheng and Yanci Yang contributed equally to this work. YC, YY, ZJ and JC conceived and designed the experiment; YC, YY, XF and LL performed the experiments and analysed the data; YC wrote the paper. ZJ and JC revised the article. All the authors read and approved submission of the final manuscript.
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