Polyurethane-based bioadhesive synthesized from polyols derived from castor oil ( Ricinus communis ) and low concentrati
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José A. Gómez-Tejedor Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia 46022, Spain; and Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials, and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Valencia 46022, Spain
Ana Vallés-Lluch Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia 46022, Spain
Luis E. Díaz Bioprospecting Research Group, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Cundinamarca 140013, Colombia
Manuel F. Valeroa) Research Group on Energy, Materials and Environment, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia 140013, Colombia (Received 20 June 2017; accepted 23 August 2017)
Polyurethane-based bioadhesive was synthesized with polyols derived from castor oil (chemically modified and unmodified) and hexamethylene diisocyanate with chitosan addition as a bioactive filler. The objective was to evaluate the effect of type of polyols with the incorporation of low-concentrations of chitosan on the mechanical and biological properties of the polymer to obtain suitable materials in the design of biomaterials. The results showed that increasing physical crosslinking increased the mechanical and adhesive properties. An in vitro cytotoxic test of polyurethanes showed cellular viability. The biocompatibility of the polyurethanes favors the adhesion of L929 cells at 6, 24, and 48 h. The polyurethanes showed bacterial inhibition depending on the polyol and percentage of chitosan. The antibacterial effect of the polyurethanes for Escherichia coli decreased 60–90% after 24 h. The mechanical and adhesive properties together with biological response in this research suggested these polyurethanes as external application tissue bioadhesives.
I. INTRODUCTION
Recent advances in synthetic polymers in the biomedical field have increased the need for designing materials with high biocompatibility, easy processing, and antibacterial properties, avoiding additional processing steps related to the modification of the polymer surface. One biomedical application of synthetic polymers is bioadhesives. In the last five years, surgical tissue adhesives have undergone significant advances.1,2 Bioadhesive is understood as the adhesion of a polymer (natural or synthetic) with biological tissues such as skin or mucous membranes. Adhesion is the attachment between the surfaces of two substances that can be similar or dissimilar in structure. The process of adhesion can occur from energy obtained from chemical or physical linkages of chemical structures.3 Bioadhesives are used in drug delivery, implantation of biomedical devices, tissue engineering, dental and bone applications, Contributing Editor: Lakshmi Nair a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2017.371
and as alternative internal and external wound closures in which healing and infection prevention are encouraged.4–7 The use of bioadhesives has been enhanced by the search for non-invasive biomedical devices for surgical practice, which help control blood loss and p
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