Potential of Hevea brasiliensis Clones, Eucalyptus pellita and Eucalyptus tereticornis Wood as Raw Materials for Bioener
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Potential of Hevea brasiliensis Clones, Eucalyptus pellita and Eucalyptus tereticornis Wood as Raw Materials for Bioenergy Based on Higher Heating Value João Roberto Menucelli 1 & Erick Phelipe Amorim 1 & Miguel Luiz Menezes Freitas 2 & Marcelo Zanata 2 & José Cambuim 3 & Mario Luiz Teixeira de Moraes 3 & Fábio Minoru Yamaji 4 & Francides Gomes da Silva Júnior 5 & Eduardo Luiz Longui 2
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract About 11% of the world’s primary energy consumption comes from biomass. However, a continuing material deficit indicates the need to find suitable timber for use as bioenergy. In this context, this study aims to determine some chemical and energetic properties, wood density, and fiber features of 10 Hevea brasiliensis clones, including Eucalyptus tereticornis and E. pellita species, to understand how the characteristics of studied woods might interfere with higher heating value (HHV) and determine if these woods and their residues would present potential for bioenergy. In general, HHV results corroborate those in the literature, e.g., E. pellita (16,502 kJ kg−1) lower value, and MT45 H. brasiliensis clone (19,757 kJ kg−1) higher value, and woods with higher extractive contents and lignin content, but lower holocellulose content, of wood pulp, in addition to denser woods with longer fibers and thicker walls, are woods considered to have higher heating values and, hence, indicated as potential woods for use in bioenergy. However, it is suggested that wood characteristics should be analyzed together to determine the most suitable material for use in bioenergy since a high value of one factor influencing HHV would not, in and of itself, establish suitability of the wood for bioenergy. Nonetheless, all wood samples could have their waste exploited for bioenergy since they range from 16,502 kJ kg−1 in E. pellita to 19,757 kJ kg−1 in the MT45 clone of H. brasiliensis. Keywords Extractives . Holocellulose . Lignin . Wood density . Wood fibers
Introduction Based on data from the International Energy Agency, Vale and Gentil [1] report that about 11% of the world’s primary energy consumption comes from biomass and that such percentage may be higher in developing countries, particularly in the case * Eduardo Luiz Longui [email protected] 1
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Planejamento e Uso de Recursos Renováveis, UFSCAR/Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
2
Instituto Florestal, Caixa Postal 17076, Rua do Horto 931, São Paulo, SP 02340-970, Brazil
3
Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Campus de Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
4
Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias para Sustentabilidade, Departamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rod. João Leme dos Santos, Sorocaba, SP 18052-780, Brazil
5
Departamento de Ciências Florestais da ESALQ/USP-Piracicaba, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
of inaccurate official information. Most of this energy is generated directly by wood, or its residues, derived from industr
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