Preparation and Characterization of Films Based on Disintegrated Bacterial Cellulose and Montmorillonite
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Preparation and Characterization of Films Based on Disintegrated Bacterial Cellulose and Montmorillonite Agata Sommer1 · Hanna Staroszczyk1 · Izabela Sinkiewicz1 · Piotr Bruździak2 Accepted: 9 November 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract The food packaging materials from natural polymers including polysaccharides offer an ecologically important alternative to commonly used synthetic, non-biodegradable counterparts. The purpose of this work was to modify of bacterial cellulose (BC) leading to the improvement of its functional properties in terms of use as a food packaging material. Effects of disintegration of BC and addition of montmorillonite (MMT) on its water barrier, mechanical and thermal properties were investigated. Disintegration of BC increased its water vapour permeability (WVP) and thermal stability, but decreased its tensile strength (σ). These changes were closely related to the rearrangement of hydrogen-bond network in the BC structure, resulting in a partial conversion from the I α to Iβ allomorph. The addition of 2% of MMT did not affect WVP and σ of the disintegrated BC (bBC), while the plasticization of the modified bBC generally decreased WVP, and did not increase σ. The improvement in water barrier properties of bBC modified by adding 2% of MMT in the presence of glycerol was caused by the formation of hydrogen bonds between the components of the composite. The results presented show the potential usefulness of BC modified by disintegration and adding 2% of MMT and 10–15% of glycerol as a food packaging material. Keywords Bacterial cellulose · Structure · Water barrier properties · Tensile strength · Thermal stability
Introduction Biodegradable materials with good water barrier and mechanical properties are gaining increasing interest in the field of food packaging, including disposable packaging. Unlike synthetic materials, the use of polysaccharide-based materials provides an environmentally friendly technological solution, reducing thus the dependence on fossil resources and reducing the carbon footprint of the products [1]. Materials based on bacterial cellulose (BC) have attracted great attention due to their high purity of cellulose content, refined nanofibrous network and very low cost. BC has better properties than plant cellulose, including higher tensile strength and high fiber content. In order to develop * Hanna Staroszczyk [email protected] 1
Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80‑233 Gdansk, Poland
Department of Physical Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80‑233 Gdansk, Poland
2
highly functional materials, various attempts have been made to produce BC composites, both the in situ (during BC synthesis) and ex situ (after BC synthesis) technique [2]. Some authors have disintegrated the previously dried BC membranes and mixed them with other fibrous materials [3–5] to obtain a very strong material with mechanical properties riva
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