Production and Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Paddy Husk Bio-char for its C Sequestration Applications
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Production and Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Paddy Husk Bio-char for its C Sequestration Applications Salman Raza Naqvi 1,2 & Yoshimitsu Uemura 1 & Noridah Osman 1 & Suzana Yusup 3
Published online: 9 June 2015 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015
Abstract Bio-char is a carbon-rich solid material generated by thermochemical conversion process (pyrolysis) of lignocellulosic biomass, and its viability as a sustainable material has received increasing attention for environmental remediation. The relationship between bio-char properties and its applicability as a soil amendment is still not conclusive. The purpose of this research is to study the bio-char physical and chemical properties from an agricultural residue to examine the quality criteria for carbon sequestration and agricultural uses. Pyrolysis temperature was shown to have a strong impact on production and characteristics of bio-char samples. The bio-char yield decreased with increasing temperatures (350–550 °C). According to proximate and ultimate analysis data, temperature has the strongest impact on carbon stability of bio-char (stability increased at higher temperature). The volatile matter decreased while fixed carbon content increased with the increase of pyrolysis temperature. To evaluate further bio-char quality, the relationships between (O/C and H/C molar ratio) and (H/C and volatile matter) of raw paddy husk and produced bio-char at various temperatures is proposed. SEM, FT-IR, and 13C NMR findings are in well agreement with thermogravimetric and proximate analysis of the bio-char that structural and physicochemical properties were significantly * Yoshimitsu Uemura [email protected] 1
Center for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia
2
School of Chemical and Material Engineering (SCME), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
3
Biomass Processing Laboratory, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia
influenced by pyrolysis temperature. CO2 adsorption rate increased with increasing temperature. Bio-char produced at 450 °C showed higher absorption capability and could be a potential sustainable substrate for C sequestration and soil amendment. Keywords Paddy husk . Bio-char . Yield . Carbon stability . C sequestration
Introduction Lignocellulosic non-food biomass is a promising and abundant alternative renewable source for energy and chemical feedstock production [1, 19, 23, 26]. Among the non-food biomass residues, agricultural residue biomass has become an important source to produce bio-energy and biochemicals [12, 17, 28]. A few recent articles reported that agricultural residues (paddy husk, rice straw) are the most potential energy resources in Malaysia to overcome the increasing energy needs while being environmentally benign [15, 18, 21]. The continuous availability of these residues with the devel
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