Protective effect of Nectaroscordum tripedale extract and its bioactive component tetramethylpyrazine against acetaminop
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Protective effect of Nectaroscordum tripedale extract and its bioactive component tetramethylpyrazine against acetaminophen‑induced hepatotoxicity in rats Ali Aidy1 · Elahe Karimi1 · Hori Ghaneialvar1,2 · Shahram Mohammadpour1,3 · Naser Abbasi1,4 Received: 10 October 2019 / Accepted: 20 February 2020 © Institute of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University 2020
Abstract Hepatoxicity is a common complication of acetaminophen. This study was to evaluate the effects of Nectaroscordum tripedale extract (NTE) and its bioactive component tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on acetaminophen-induced liver failure. The presence of TMP in NTE was determined by HPLC. The hepatoprotective effect of NTE and TMP (50, 100 and 200 mg/ kg, respectively) was evaluated by the assay of liver function parameters; total bilirubin, alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase activities (ALP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Results revealed that TMP was 1.24 mg/g in NTE. LD50 of the NTE and TMP was 3800 mg/kg and 2700 mg/kg, respectively. NTE and TMP (100 and 200 mg/kg) decreased the ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin but the SOD increased in a dose-dependent manner in acetaminophen-induced liver failure rats. In conclusion, NTE and its fraction TMP may be a protecting liver candidate against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Keywords Nectaroscordum tripedale · Tetramethylpyrazine · Liver failure · Acetaminophen · HPLC
Introduction Acetaminophen or paracetamol is one of the most commonly used drugs in treating fever and pain (Hodgman and Garrard 2012). Acetaminophen has been listed as necessary medicines in recent years, according to the World Health Organization (Athersuch et al. 2018). However, studies have shown that acetaminophen is a drug with a broad and safe therapeutic window, however, at high doses, it causes liver injury, acute liver failure (ALF), and eventual death (Ramachandran and Jaeschke 2018).
* Naser Abbasi Abbasi‑[email protected] 1
Biotechnology and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
2
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
3
Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
4
Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
The alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and bilirubin are important common liver functional marker (Abou Seif 2016). Oxidant effects in the liver cause cell damage and leakage into the bloodstream, and so its evaluation demonstrates the normal and abnormal liver function. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an important common antioxidant biomarker in cells that reflecting antioxidant capacity against the risk of free radicals (Hamza and Al-Harbi 2015). It has already been demonstrated that some medicinal plants such as Glossogyne tenuifolia Cassini containing luteolin (Tien et al. 2014),
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