Anti-oxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Salvia officinalis essential oil against vanadium-induced oxidative stress
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Anti-oxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Salvia officinalis essential oil against vanadium-induced oxidative stress and histological changes in the rat liver Fatma Ghorbel Koubaa 1
&
Mariem Chaâbane 2 & Mouna Turki 3 & Fatma Makni Ayadi 3 & Abdelfattah El Feki 1
Received: 17 June 2020 / Accepted: 18 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of Salvia officinalis essential oil (SOEO) against vanadiuminduced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Animals were divided into three groups: the first group served as the control (C), where rats received daily 0.5 mL of saline solution (0.9%) given by intraperitoneal (i.p.) way. Rats in the second group (V) received daily by i.p. way 5 mg/kg BW of NH4VO3 (V). Rats in the third group (SV) received daily V (5 mg/kg BW) by i.p. way and SOEO (15 mg/kg BW) by gavage. Animals were sacrificed after 4 or 10 days of treatment. Administration of V increased plasma ALT, AST, ALP, and LDH activities, and cholesterol, bilirubin, triglyceride, and NO levels in rats and reduced anti-oxidant enzyme activities in the liver. Treatment with SOEO significantly attenuated these changes. Moreover, the histopathological changes and the overexpression of Hsp72/73 proteins induced by V were significantly improved by SOEO. Therefore, our results suggested that SOEO could protect against V-induced oxidative damage in rat livers. The hepatoprotective effect of SOEO might be attributed to its modulation of detoxification enzymes and/or to its anti-oxidant and free radical scavenging effects. Keywords Vanadium . Rats . Hepatotoxicity . Salvia officinalis essential oil . Redox status . Stress protein
Introduction Continuous exposure to exogenous chemicals leads eventually to various diseases (Stephens et al. 2014). Liver is the main target organ for xenobiotic toxicity in the organism (Almazroo et al. 2017). Its susceptibility to injury by such agents is much higher than that of any other organ due to its central role in metabolism as well as its ability to concentrate xenobiotics (Kumar et al. 2015). Among them, vanadium (V) is a trace element widely distributed in nature. It constitutes about 0.01% of the Earth’s crust (Uche et al. 2008). The mean Responsible Editor: Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim * Fatma Ghorbel Koubaa [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia
2
Enzymes and Bioconversion Unit, National Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia
3
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
concentration of V ranks in the top 5 among transitional elements in the soil (150 mg/kg), the ocean (1.8 μg/L), and the atmosphere (urban areas, 1000 ng/m3) (Pessoa et al. 2015; Langeslay et al. 2019). It is increasingly used in various heavy industries, in the production of non-ferrous alloys, and in the chemical, glass, paint, varnish, ceramic
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