3D scanning and digital processing used in the study of a Neolithic figurine
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ORIGINAL PAPER
3D scanning and digital processing used in the study of a Neolithic figurine Dimitrios Kaimaris & George Hourmouziadis & Petros Patias
Received: 11 September 2010 / Accepted: 27 May 2011 / Published online: 28 June 2011 # Società Italiana di Fotogrammetria e Topografia (SIFET) 2011
Abstract At the lake settlement of Dispilio (sixth millennium B.C., W. Macedonia, Greece), two parts of a figurine were discovered with a difference of 10 years. The figurine’s importance, on an international level, due to its rare appearance, and its particularity that is due to the absence of the intermediary connective part imposed the metric documentation and the digital correlation of the two figurine parts. Using a Micro Laser Scanner, the parts were scanned and, after the digital processing of the 3D point clouds, its initial shape was digitally restored, triggering a new interdisciplinary discussion–study. Keywords Neolithic figurine . Micro laser scanner . Digital correlation . Digital restoration
Introduction Figurines are the most peculiar prehistoric finds. This “peculiarity” is due to two main reasons. The first and the D. Kaimaris (*) School of Urban-Regional Planning and Development Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece e-mail: [email protected] G. Hourmouziadis Faculty of History and Archaeology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece P. Patias School of Rural and Surveying Engineering, Department of Cadastre, Photogrammetry and Cartography, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
most important one is related to their interpretation that tries to answer the question: What was their use, and, consequently, what was their social meaning? What was their relationship with the rest of the activities carried out by the members of a prehistoric community and, more specifically, the activities that developed within the framework of the economy, the technology and the organisation of space, did these artefacts influence them or were they influenced by them? The second reason concerns a question that is related to the first one: Which are the factors that determined the duration of the figurine manufacture habit? This means: Which other activities and habits that were connected to the figurines, so when these started lacking their social meaning and slowly disappeared from the everyday life of the Neolithic farmer, at the same time, the figurines also started to disappear? As confirmed by research, figurines appeared in the early Neolithic period and then gradually disappeared after their form was standardised in the Bronze Age. And this evolutionary process forms a particular cultural phenomenon that should probably be related to other dramatic changes in the way prehistoric communities functioned. Some figurine researchers raise a third question that refers to the “multiformity” of figurines, not only as far as the “object” they represent is concerned, but also the perfection of their manufacture. However, these three questions have a commo
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