A combinatorial approach to enhance the biocompatibility and heating efficiency of magnetic hyperthermia- Serum Albumin
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A combinatorial approach to enhance the biocompatibility and heating efficiency of magnetic hyperthermia- Serum Albumin conjugated ferrimagneticmagnetite nanoparticles Viveka Kalidasan1, Xiaoli Liu1, Jun Ding1*, Ananya Dasgupta2,Sreedharan Sajikumar2 *Corresponding Author ([email protected]) Department of Materials Science and Engineering, EA-03-09, 9 Engineering Drive, National University of Singapore, Singapore-117575 2 Department of Physiology, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Block MD9, 2 Medical Drive #04-01, Singapore 117597 1
ABSTRACT Magnetic hyperthermia is a non-invasive cancer treatment method which is used synergistically with the current cancer treatments. Improved biocompatibility and enhanced heating characteristics are the pressing challenges to be addressed in magnetic hyperthermia. Through a novel combinatorial approach, we have attempted to address both the challenges. Ferrimagneticmagnetite nanoparticles (FMNPs)of size 50 nm were synthesized by thermal decomposition method and were converted to hydrophilic phase by 3Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS). Serum Albumin (SA) from rat was conjugated over the APTMS-FMNPs to convert to biocompatible phase. The preliminary haemolysis experiments show that SA-FMNPs are non-haemolytic (1.2 % haemolysis). It is observed from the magnetic heating experiments that due to better colloidal stability, the Specific Absorption Rate value of the SA-FMNPs are higher (2100 W/g) than the FMNPs without SA (1400 W/g). Thus we report here that SA conjugation over FMNPs (with a high saturation magnetization of 75 emu/g) provides a novel combinatorial approach to enhance both the biocompatibility and the SAR value for magnetic hyperthermia. INTRODUCTION Cancer is a malignancy. The current cancer treatment techniques like chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hyperthermia etc., [1, 2] aim to destroymalignant tissue. Magnetic hyperthermiais a non-invasive methodand is better than the other hyperthermia techniques as it ensures targeted, local heating of the cancerous tissue [3, 4]. In magnetic hyperthermia technique, magnetic nanoparticles are injected into the cancer site andare exposed to an alternating current (AC) magnetic field which raises the temperature of the site upto 42-46 ºC, thus leading totumor cell death due to necrosis [57] or apoptosis while the normal healthy cells are unaffected by this temperature raise. An effective magnetic hyperthermia system needs magnetic nanoparticles as a pre-requisite.Among the many other magnetic nanoparticles, surface modified/functionalised magnetititenanoparticles have versatile applications like targeted drug delivery, cell sorting and separation, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and more importantly in magnetic hyperthermia [8-10] etc., Since magnetite nanoparticles are injected into the blood to bring about the temperature raise in magnetic hyperthermia, a system with a very good biocompatibility and heating efficacy is the basic requirement for an efficient magnetic hyperthermia system. Substantial research has been done to i
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