A Facile Chemical Approach to Isolate Cellulose Nanofibers from Jute Fibers
- PDF / 2,557,223 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 51 Downloads / 156 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
A Facile Chemical Approach to Isolate Cellulose Nanofibers from Jute Fibers Ritesh Kumar1 · Sanju Kumari1 · Bhuvneshwar Rai2 · Rakesh Kumar3 · Sidhharth Sirohi4 · Gulshan Kumar1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this work, Jute fibers (JF) were directly treated with H NO3-NaNO2 (JF/HNO3-NaNO2) mixture and simultaneously with NaOH and H NO3-NaNO2 (JF/NaOH/HNO3-NaNO2) mixture successively to extract cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) in a facile and cost-effective manner. Chemical composition, Morphological, structural, spectroscopic, and thermal analysis was carried out. TEM analysis of CNFs synthesized via JF/NaOH/HNO3-NaNO2 and JF/HNO3-NaNO2 showed an average diameter of 7–9 nm and 9–11 nm, respectively. CNFs obtained from alkali treated fibers possessed remarkable crystallinity of 63.9% as compared to 55.5% from raw fibers. Coexistence of both cellulose I and cellulose II type structures in CNFs via. JF/NaOH/ HNO3-NaNO2 marks its inexhaustive applicability in industrial sectors. Keywords Jute fibers · Cellulose nanofibers · Alkali treatment · Crystalline nanofibers
Introduction Over the past couple of decades, due to environmental concerns and long-term economic goals research has been focused on renewable resources for the development of a high-performance product. In this regard, Natural fibers obtained from various sources can be a promising material to minimize the negative impact on the environment and can generate profits because of its enormous properties [1, 2]. Cellulose is made of multiple linear β-1,4 glycosidic bonds [3, 4]. The annual production of cellulose worldwide is approximately 1 012 tons [5, 6]. Cellulose has considerable high stiffness, high strength, good thermal stability with low * Gulshan Kumar [email protected] 1
University School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi 110078, India
2
Material Science Division, Shriram Institute for Industrial Research, 19 University Road, New Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
3
Department of Biotechnology, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya, Bihar 824236, India
4
Department of Polymer Science, Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110075, India
density, and low cost. It has the potential to becomes the alternative for the conventionally used nonbiodegradable materials. The fibers of diameter below 100 nm have great significance due to the large surface to volume ratio that can help in the incorporation of functionality and enhancement of performance of polymeric materials [7, 8]. The cellulose-based nanofiber can be the material of choice for the research because of easy availability, high tensile strength, high surface area, very low coefficient of thermal expansion, and are biodegradable [9]. Extensive work has been undertaken by different research groups for the utilization of natural resources like a banana [10], jute [11], hemp [12], sugarcane bagasse [13], etc. as the cellulosic
Data Loading...
