A Possibility of Producing Heat-Resistant Products in Induction Furnaces with Bottom Blowing
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A POSSIBILITY OF PRODUCING HEAT-RESISTANT PRODUCTS IN INDUCTION FURNACES WITH BOTTOM BLOWING A. A. Lyska,1 A. V. Novoselov,2 I. V. Chumanov,3 M. A. Matveeva,4 and V. V. Sedukhin5
UDC 669.187:621.365.5
The main strategic directions of Russian Federation are connected with the development of the power engineering industry, extraction of raw materials, and military-space industry. The production of metals and alloys for these industries is connected not only with the use of costly materials as primary stock but also with the application of high-tech equipment capable of satisfying the requirements of potential customers. The increasing requirements to the mechanical characteristics of metals and alloys lead to an increase in the cost of final products, which, in turn, turns the economic efficiency of the production technology into the decisive factor. Note that heat-resistant steels form one of the largest and most strategically important segments of the market of metals and alloys. At present, the metal market requires from manufacturers to be more and more flexible in satisfying the demands of the customers. Thus, in particular, new requirements are imposed on the production volumes because more and more machine-building enterprises need low-volume deliveries. Therefore, many traditional technologies used for the production of heat-resistant steels become noncompetitive and, hence, new approaches and methods are required. In this connection, we propose a technology of production of heat-resistant steels with bottom blowing with inert gases of the bath of liquid metal directly in the volume of the furnace. Keywords: induction remelting, bottom blowing, impulsive blowing, heat-resistant steels, nonmetallic inclusions.
The increasing demand for heat-resistant steels is explained by their extensive applications in various branches of industry. In the production of heat-resistant steels, special attention is given to the monitoring of their purity (absence of nonmetallic inclusions) and the homogeneity of their chemical compositions [1]. Narrow ranges of contents of the alloying elements in combination with the requirements of low contamination with nonmetallic inclusions lead to significant difficulties in their production. The attainment of the specified parameters of purity is realized by means of melting in vacuum induction furnaces intended for the removal of nonmetallic inclusions in the process of melting. In the course of melting of charge materials in the induction furnaces, the fusion losses of the alloying admixtures are minimized and the temperature of the melt can be controlled. The indicated conditions of melting are especially important due to the low temperature of evaporation of some alloying elements, such as, e.g., Al and Ti, present in heat-resistant alloys [2]. At present, the technology of vacuum induction remelting is quite cost intensive and, therefore, the industry is reorganized to a new model of operation, namely, passes from long-term large orders to small-scale production [3]. However, the e
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