A Water-Stable Luminescent W/S/Cu Heterothiometallic Cluster for Detection of TNP
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A Water-Stable Luminescent W/S/Cu Heterothiometallic Cluster for Detection of TNP Yuan Zhu1 • Hongchen Xia1 • Jinfang Zhang1
•
Chi Zhang1
Received: 19 October 2019 Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract A new water-stable W/S/Cu heterothiometallic cluster, namely {[WS4Cu3I(2-abpt)2]2-abpt} (1, 2-abpt = 4-amino-3,5bis(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazole) has been synthesized and structurally characterized by single crystal and powder X-ray diffractions, elemental analysis, FT-IR and TGA. X-ray structural analysis reveals that 1 is constructed by the T-shaped heterothiometallic building cluster [WS4Cu3]?, chelated 2-abpt ligand and terminal I- ligand. 1 shows good water stability and strong luminescence, and is firstly explored to sense nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) as a discrete heterothiometallic cluster. Luminescence measurements exhibit that 1 can detect 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol (TNP) with high sensitivity and selectivity in aqueous medium. The emission quenching mechanism of the sensing property of 1 towards TNP was studied as well. These results demonstrate that 1 can serve as an excellent sensor for TNP through luminescence quenching process. Keywords W/S/Cu heterothiometallic cluster T-shaped cluster skeleton Luminescence TNP sensor
Introduction Nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) are toxic contaminants and widely used as explosives. Among the NACs, 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol (TNP) is widely used in dyes, pharmaceuticals, glass and leather industries [1–3]. TNP can contaminate the soil and aquatic systems during commercial production and use, and may lead to cell mutagenesis. Therefore, it is urgent to develop efficient TNP sensors. Fluorescence based chemical sensing technology has been considered as the most promising because of its high efficiency, simplicity, and economical advantages [4–6].
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-019-01749-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Jinfang Zhang [email protected] & Chi Zhang [email protected] 1
International Joint Research Center for Photoresponsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People’s Republic of China
Recently, some luminescent compounds have been found to be capable of detecting TNP with high sensitivity and selectivity [7, 8]. For infield selective detection of TNP present in soil and ground water, probe working in aqueous medium is highly desirable. However, the most reported sensors are water unstable, thus the aqueous phase detection is largely unexplored. The thioanions of tungsten (VI), [WO4-nSn]2- (n = 3, 4) have been widely used to prepare many heterothiometallic clusters which display a variety of structural types [9–14]. Many of these cluster compounds have been received much attention due to their relevance to biological systems and interesting properties [15–17]. A
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