Aerosol technology and Si nano-composite electrode assembly for Li-ion batteries
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Aerosol technology and Si nano-composite electrode assembly for Li-ion batteries David Munao1, Mario Valvo1, Jan van Erven1, Esteban Garcia-Tamayo1, Erik Kelder1 1
NanoStructured Material / Delft ChemE, TUDelft, Julianalaan 136 BL, Delft, Netherlands
ABSTRACT In this work novel approaches to fabricate silicon-based electrodes are shown. Starting from silicon nano-particles it is possible to create nano-structured porous thin films. Both the synthesis of the Si nano-particles and the electrode assembly are performed via aerosol routes. This guarantees a very good control on the particle size and the particle size distribution, on the purity of the product and on the morphology and texture of the deposited layers. Particles are produced via Laser assisted Chemical Vapor Pyrolysis whereas electrode thin layers are deposited via Electro Spray method. The range of particle sizes can be tailored according to the selected application. Here, particles of a mean size of about 10 nm have been synthesized. Since Si is well known to forms highly lithiated intermetallic compounds [1], it is regarded as one of the most promising material for energy storage [2], especially looking at high energy density applications, such as hybrid/electric vehicle traction. In this work its promising performance are presented. The role of the additives in the composite formulation is also taken into account for a more clear understanding of the capacity fading mechanism of such electrodes. INTRODUCTION During the last decades the scientific effort towards a greener, more sustainable energy economy has been extensively supported also from the industrial world. Prediction on the energy economy is encouraging and the dependency from the oil will be progressively reduced in the coming years, leaving space for the development of sustainable technologies [3]. Among them, Li-ion accumulators are proven to be a viable solution for electric/hybrid vehicles. Such vehicles, already available on a small-scale market, outstand the others performances in urban contest, where zero-emission is considered to be the highest standard for life quality. Clearly, in order to upscale the production of such vehicles and let them be more appealable for a broader public, the integrated storage device has to be lighter and smaller. Silicon is well known to be the most promising material for Li storage, in terms of specific energy density. Silicon based negative electrodes are considered to be the best alternative for the graphite or carbon anodes as their theoretical capacity (4200 mAhg-1) is ten times higher respect to the commercial electrode one [4]. Here, the presence of the additive (i.e.: polymer binder) is correlated with the rate capability and with the capacity retention of the composite electrodes. Moreover, the selected morphology of the electrodes (i.e.: nano-structured porous thin films) can improve significantly the mechanical stability of the whole electrode. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS Silicon nano-particles were produced via Laser assisted Chemical Vapor Pyroly
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