Aging forming process of Chlorella vulgaris growing medium and its cultivation inhibition mechanism
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Aging forming process of Chlorella vulgaris growing medium and its cultivation inhibition mechanism Xue He1,2 · Yang Yu1,2 · Zhongqiang Zhu1,2 · Mengting Xue1,2 · Panpan Li1,2 · Ran Yu1,2 Received: 14 January 2020 / Accepted: 29 April 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract To investigate the possibility of culture medium reuse in large-scale industrial microalgae cultivation for the alleviation of the massive water requirement pressure, the aging forming process of Chlorella vulgaris growing medium was explored and the aged medium’s inhibition mechanisms on cell growth were inspected. The results demonstrated that when the medium was continuously reused, the collected maximal C. vulgaris biomass decreased. After the fourth medium reuse, the maximal biomass concentration was only 55 ± 1.1% of that in the fresh medium, which indicated the gradual aging of the medium. Furthermore, the composition variation of the released organic secretions during the culture medium reuse was monitored and the results showed that high concentrations of fatty acids (FAs), including palmitic acid, stearic acid, and small amounts of polysaccharides, were accumulated. Further investigation indicated that the obtained maximal biomass of C. vulgaris has a negative relationship with the manually added initial FA concentrations in the medium which suggested that the accumulated FAs in the medium probably were the main C. vulgaris growth inhibition factor. The inhibition effect of FAs on C. vulgaris was mainly achieved via impacting the cells’ photosynthesis efficiencies to destroy the intracellular antioxidant system. Keywords Chlorella vulgaris · Medium reuse · Growth inhibition · Fatty acid · Medium aging process Abbreviations C. vulgaris Chlorella vulgaris FA Fatty acid TOC Total organic carbon BCA Bicinchoninic acid MDA Malondialdehyde SOD Superoxide dismutase ICP-AES Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer LDH Lactate dehydrogenase
Xue He and Yang Yu contributed equally to this work. * Ran Yu [email protected] 1
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, No. 2 Sipailou Street, Nanjing 210096, China
Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
2
Introduction Due to their short proliferation rate, relatively high lipid contents, and strong adaptability to diverse environments, microalgae have been extensively applied as feedstock for food and feed products and biodiesel production [1]. In addition, the exploration of large-scale microalgae cultivation combined with organic wastewater treatment and CO2 fixation from flue gas has attracted much attention recently. However, the requirement of large amount of fresh water is one of the main bottlenecks for the sustainable development of the large-scale microalgae cultivation industry [2]. In fact, the liquid culturing medium is usually not immediately d
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