Animal Diversity
This book has been written with two main purposes in mind, page. At the same time animals show immense variation the first being to give a general review of the entire animal and none is truly typical. Some idea of the immense variety kingdom, and the sec
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With illustrations by Brian Price Thomas
CHAPMAN & HALL London· Glasgow· New York· Tokyo· Melbourne· Madras
Published by Cbapman & Hall, 2-6 Boundary Row, London SEt 8HN Chapman & Hall, 2-6 Boundary Row, London SEI 8HN, UK Blackie Academic & Professional, Wester Cleddens Road, Bishopbriggs, Glasgow G64 2NZ, UK Chapman & Hall, 29 West 35th Street, New York NY10001, USA Chapman & Hall Japan, Thomson Publishing Japan, Hirakawacho Nemoto Building, 6F, 1-7-11 Hirakawa-cho, Tokyo 102, Japan Chapman & Hall Australia, Thomas Nelson Australia, 102 Dodds Street, South Melbourne, Victoria 3205, Australia Chapman & Hall India, R. Seshadri, 32 Second Main Road, CIT East, Madras 600 035, India First published in 1983 by University Tutorial Press Ltd This edition 1988 Reprinted 1991, 1992 ©
1983 D. R. Kershaw
ISBN-13: 978-0-412-53200-9 DOl: 10.1007/978-94-011-6035-3
e-ISBN-13: 978-94-011-6035-3
Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the UK Copyright Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may not be reproduced, stored, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction only in accordance with the terms ofthe licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency in the UK, or in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the appropriate Reproduction Rights Organization outside the UK. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to the publishers at the London address printed on this page. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
To my parents
Preface
This book has been written with two main purposes in mind, the first being to give a general review of the entire animal kingdom, and the second to give more detailed functional accounts of the anatomy of a representative of each major animal group. It is intended to be used by those who are interested in animals and does not start with the assumption of any great zoological knowledge. It is hoped that it will prove particularly helpful to those studying biology or zoology at 'A' level, or in the early stages of a university course. Most modern zoological anatomical and physiological research concentrates on 'bits' of animals. This text is designed to help the reader to see the animal as a complete living being within its environment. For this reason both detailed description and illustrations are restricted to a few representative animals and where possible the structure of an animal is illustrated by a series of drawings on a single
page. At the same time animals show immense variation and none is truly typical. Some idea of the immense variety of animals is given in the diversity sections, with a