Application of nano-based systems for drug delivery and targeting: a review
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REVIEW
Application of nano-based systems for drug delivery and targeting: a review Niloufar Maghsoudnia & Reza Baradaran Eftekhari & Alireza Naderi Sohi & Ali Zamzami & Farid Abedin Dorkoosh
Received: 19 December 2019 / Accepted: 16 July 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Over the last decades, magnificent progress in the field of nanopharmaceuticals mostly with sizes smaller than 100 nm has led to the development of novel delivery systems and brightened the hope of finding new approaches to combat threatening diseases including cancer. So far, numerous efforts have been made to develop appropriate delivery systems with favorable features such as acceptable toxicity profile, high cellular uptake, low immunogenicity, and stable physicochemical properties along with distribution of the therapeutic molecule specifically to the site of action, without affecting healthy organs and tissues. Non-viral delivery systems have always been suitable options for delivery purposes. Polymers, liposomes, and inorganic delivery systems are all of the available choices in non-viral delivery systems, with each possessing their own advantages and pitfalls. This current review presents the recent advances about the application of various nonviral nanocarriers in the delivery of diverse therapeutic N. Maghsoudnia : R. B. Eftekhari : A. Zamzami : F. A. Dorkoosh Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran A. N. Sohi Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran F. A. Dorkoosh (*) Medical Biomaterial Research Center (MBRC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 1462, Kargar Ave, Tehran 1439804448, Iran e-mail: [email protected]
agents especially in cancer treatment. Targeting ligands as an important part of designing targeted nanocarriers to the site of interest or intra-cellular environment and opportunities and challenges of nano-based systems for drug and gene delivery are also discussed. Keywords Nanopharmaceuticals . Polymeric nanocarriers . Lipid-based delivery systems . Inorganic delivery systems . Targeting ligands . Intra-cellular delivery
Introduction The odyssey of transferring from the macro-sized world to the nano-sized world has been one of the most important events of recent decades. The journey reveals the surprising features of substances and their creating units: molecules/atoms. Supported by thousands of papers and studies, more than ever, this expedition seems to change the way we think about treatments and solutions. The rapidly expanding field of nanotechnology offers a great deal of chances and wide range of applications in the fields of engineering, medicine, and life sciences. Focusing on medical applications, nanotechnology has provided the opportunity of designing delivery systems containing the drug of interest to treat cancer in a safer and more effective way. Nanocarriers loaded with anticancer agents have several advantages over the conventional use of th
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