Association between physiological and agronomic traits and selection of tropical wheat
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Association between physiological and agronomic traits and selection of tropical wheat Henrique Caletti Mezzomo1 · Cleiton Renato Casagrande2 · Caique Machado e Silva2 · Aluízio Borém1,2 · Maicon Nardino1,2 Accepted: 2 September 2020 © Korean Society of Crop Science (KSCS) 2020
Abstract The aims of this study are to verify the existence of canonical correlations between physiological and agronomic traits of 40 lines of tropical wheat using the REML/BLUP (restricted maximum likelihood/best linear unbiased prediction) method and select genotypes with the best performance using four selection indexes. For such, 40 tropical wheat genotypes were evaluated in a field experiment in Viçosa, MG, Brazil. The physiological traits (group I) of these genotypes were measured using an infrared gas analyzer, group II was formed by agronomic traits. The data were submitted to REML/BLUP and the predicted genotypic values (BLUP) were obtained to estimate genotypic correlation coefficients, canonical correlation coefficients between groups I and II, and to perform the selection of superior genotypes using the method of ranks summation index, multiplicative index, genotype-ideotype distance index and Z index. The maximum likelihood test revealed a significant effect of genotypes for all traits evaluated. Net photosynthetic rate it showed a positive correlation with stomatal conductance to H 2O (0.32) and transpiration rate (0.79). Hectoliter weight has a significant association with physiological traits, positive for intercellular C O2 concentration (0.56) and negative for leaf temperature (− 0.56) and transpiration rate (− 0.42). The correlation between groups was 0.78. The intercellular C O2 concentration was directly related to disease note and hectoliter weight. The lines VI 14050, VI 14197 and VI 14950 coincide in the three selection indexes, with a potential for registration as a new cultivar. Keywords Grain yield · Mixed models · Photosynthetic rate · Selection indexes · Triticum aestivum L.
Introduction Brazilian wheat production was 5.16 million tons in the 2019 harvest, a reduction of approximately 5% in relation to the previous harvest. The average grain yield was 2526 kg ha−1, a 4.9% reduction compared to the 2018 harvest. The reduction in sown area and climatic problems are the main responsible agents that occurred in the main wheat producing regions (CONAB 2020). In view of this scenario, the extreme importance of Brazilian wheat breeding programs for the formation of base populations and selection
* Henrique Caletti Mezzomo [email protected] 1
Program in Plant Sciences, Agronomy Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
Program in Genetics and Breeding, Agronomy Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG, Brazil
2
of genotypes/progenies superior to the cultivars present in the market is reiterated. Inference about genotypes with the potential to be launched commercially is a task that requires criteria and accuracy from breeders. B
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