Bacterial Consortium and Microbial Metabolites Increase Grain Quality and Soybean Yield
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Bacterial Consortium and Microbial Metabolites Increase Grain Quality and Soybean Yield Luiz Gustavo Moretti 1,2 & Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol 1 & João William Bossolani 1,2 Ariani Garcia 1 & Eiko Eurya Kuramae 2,3 & Mariangela Hungria 4
& Letusa Momesso
1,2,3
&
Received: 18 February 2020 / Accepted: 8 May 2020 # Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2020
Abstract The effects of Bradyrhizobium inoculation on soybean growth and productivity are well known, but plant responses to consortia of other beneficial microbes and microbial molecules have not yet been well explored. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different combinations of beneficial bacteria with and without microbial secondary metabolites (MSM) on two soybean cultivars in three cropping seasons under tropical field conditions. The bacterial consortia consisted of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (strain SEMIA 5079) plus Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens (strain SEMIA 5080) inoculated with different combinations of Bacillus subtilis (strain QST 713), Azospirillum brasilense (strains Ab-V5 and Ab-V6), and MSM (metabolites enriched in lipo-chitooligosaccharides (LCOs) extracted from B. diazoefficiens (strain USDA 110) and from Rhizobium tropici (strain CIAT 889)). Standard inoculation of Bradyrhizobium combined with Azospirillum brasilense and microbial secondary metabolites increased leaf total N (7.1%), total P (11.1%), and N-ureide (16.5%); nodule number (NN, 26%) and dry weight (NDW, 22%); root (RDW, 15.4%) and shoot dry weight (SDW, 6%); 100-seed weight (3.7%); grain yield (up to 516 kg ha−1); grain crude protein concentration (2.4%); and the agronomic efficiency index (AEI) (11%). Inoculation with bacterial consortia and metabolites increased grain yield and quality, representing a promising technology for sustainable soybean cropping in tropical regions. Keywords Azospirillum brasilense . Bacillus subtilis . Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens . Bradyrhizobium japonicum . Microbial metabolites . Rhizobium tropici Highlights • Soybean nodulation and leaf total N, total P, and N-ureide concentrations increased after application of a bacterial consortium and bacterial secondary metabolites. • Standard inoculation of Bradyrhizobium combined with Azospirillum brasilense and microbial secondary metabolites increased grain yield by up to 11% and soybean grain quality. • Inoculation with a bacterial consortium and metabolites can promote sustainable soybean cultivation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-020-00263-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol [email protected] Luiz Gustavo Moretti [email protected] João William Bossolani [email protected] Letusa Momesso [email protected]
Ariani Garcia [email protected] Eiko Eurya Kuramae [email protected] Mariangela Hungria [email protected] Extended author information available on the la
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