Binge drinking is associated with altered resting state functional connectivity of reward-salience and top down control
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Binge drinking is associated with altered resting state functional connectivity of reward-salience and top down control networks Donatello Arienzo 1 & Joseph P. Happer 2 & Sean M. Molnar 1 & Austin Alderson-Myers 1 & Ksenija Marinkovic 1,3
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Binge drinking is characterized by bouts of high-intensity alcohol intake and is associated with an array of health-related harms. Even though the transition from occasional impulsive to addictive alcohol use is not well understood, neurobiological models of addiction suggest that repeated cycles of intoxication and withdrawal contribute to the development of addiction in part through dysregulation of neurofunctional networks. Research on the neural sequelae associated with binge drinking is scant but resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) studies of alcohol use disorders (AUD) indicate that the development and maintenance of long-term excessive drinking may be mediated by network-level disruptions. The present study examined RSFC in young adult binge (BD) and light (LD) drinkers with seeds representing the networks subserving reward (the nucleus accumbens and caudate nucleus), salience (anterior cingulate cortex, ACC), and executive control (inferior frontal cortex, IFC). BDs exhibited enhanced connectivity between the striatal reward areas and the orbitofrontal cortex and the ACC, which is consistent with AUD studies and may be indicative of alcohol-motivated appetitive behaviors. Conversely, BDs demonstrated lower connectivity between the IFC and hippocampus which was associated with higher craving. This may indicate impaired ability to suppress unwanted thoughts and a failure to employ memory of the harmful consequences of heavy drinking in prospective plans and intentions. The observed greater connectivity of the reward/salience network and the lower prefrontal-hippocampal connectivity were associated with hazardous drinking levels indicating that dysregulation of neurofunctional networks may underlie binge drinking patterns. Keywords Binge drinking . Resting state functional connectivity . Reward . Salience . Control networks . Nucleus accumbens . Hippocampus . Medial prefrontal cortex . Orbitofrontal cortex . Anterior cingulate cortex
Introduction Effective cognitive processing requires efficient communication among different regions in the brain. Neuroimaging techniques such as resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) provide insight into how these regions interact at the level of dynamically coherent neurofunctional systems (Bullmore and
* Ksenija Marinkovic [email protected] 1
Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
2
San Diego State University/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
3
Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
Sporns 2009). RSFC analysis is based on correlations of the time series of blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) activity recorded
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