Circadian rhythm disorder: a potential inducer of vascular calcification?
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REVIEW
Circadian rhythm disorder: a potential inducer of vascular calcification? Haoran Huang 1,2 & Zhaohuai Li 1,3 & Yuyi Ruan 1,4 & Weijing Feng 5,6 & Jie Chen 5 & Xiaoxue Li 1 & Liu Ouyang 1,5 & Hui Huang 1 Received: 3 February 2020 / Accepted: 14 September 2020 # University of Navarra 2020
Abstract Over the past decades, circadian rhythm has drawn a great attention in cardiovascular diseases. The expressions of rhythm genes fluctuate in accordance with the diurnal changes of vascular physiology, which highlights the pivotal effect of vascular clock. Recent researches show that the circadian clock can directly regulate the synthetic and secretory function of endothelial cells and phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells to adjust vascular relaxation and contraction. Importantly, dysfunction of vascular cells is involved in vascular calcification. Secretion of osteogenic cytokines and calcified vesicles in the vessel, osteogenic phenotype switch of vascular smooth muscle cells are all implicated in the calcification process. Moreover, circadian rhythm disorder can lead to abnormal hormone secretion, oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction, and autophagy, all of which should not be ignored in vascular calcification. Vascular senescence is another pathogenetic mechanism in vascular calcification. Accelerated vascular senescence may act as an important intermediate factor to promote vascular calcification in circadian rhythm disorders. In this review, we elaborate the potential effect of circadian rhythm disorder in vascular calcification and try to provide a new direction in the prevention of vascular calcification. Keywords Circadian rhythm . Vascular calcification . Inflammation . Oxidative stress . Hormones . Autophagy
Abbreviations AKT Protein kinase B Ang II Angiotensin II
AT1/2 BMAL1/2 BMP
Ang II type-1/2 Brain and muscle ARNT-like 1/2 Bone morphogenetic protein
Haoran Huang and Zhaohuai Li contributed equally to this work. Key Points • The circadian clock can directly regulate the synthetic and secretory function and phenotypic switch of endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. • Circadian rhythm disorder is associated with abnormal hormone secretion, oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction, and autophagy. • Accelerated vascular senescence and abnormal hormone secretion may act as important intermediate factors to promote vascular calcification in circadian rhythm disorders. * Hui Huang [email protected]
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Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 3025, Shennan Middle Road, Futian District, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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State Key Laborat
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