Contamination evaluation and source identification of heavy metals in sediments near outlet of Shekou industrial distric
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Contamination evaluation and source identification of heavy metals in sediments near outlet of Shekou industrial district of Shenzhen City Limin Wang & Yang Xu & Haibo Wen & Min Tang & Guangyao Zhao & Qingguo Han & Xu Xu & Ming Ying & Zhangli Hu & Hong Xu
Received: 14 June 2020 / Accepted: 12 November 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Sediment samples in this study were taken from five typical sites near the outlet of Shekou industrial district of Shenzhen City, China. The concentrations of seven elements including Cr, Cu, Cd, Pb, Hg, Zn, and As were determined respectively by atomic absorption spectrometry or atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The pollution degrees of the seven elements were assessed with the contamination factor and potential ecological risk index respectively, and their different sources were identified using multivariate statistical methods. The calculated contamination factors of these elements indicated that the sediments were at least moderately polluted by all the surveyed elements except As. The values of potential ecological risk indexes obtained decreased as the following order: Cd > Hg > Cu > As > Pb > Zn > Cr, and suggested that Cd and Hg were
respectively at high and considerable environmental health risks. In addition, multivariate statistical analyses indicated that Cd, Hg, Cu, and Zn were most likely from the waste of electroplating, metal, and battery industries at Shekou industrial district, while Pb and As originated from both natural processes and anthropogenic activities along the bank of Pear River such as coal transportation and combustion, glass manufacturing, and painting, and Cr came mostly from Cr-related industries especially leather tanning within Shenzhen City. This study provided useful reference information about heavy metal contamination in the sediments in the estuarine and coastal areas with rapid urbanization and industrialization, and should be very helpful for the local governments to make relevant policies and strategies of heavy metal contamination control and management in developing countries.
Limin Wang, Yang Xu and Haibo Wen contributed equally to this work.
Keywords Statistical analysis . Source identification . Sediments . Heavy metal . Spatial distribution
L. Wang : Y. Xu : H. Wen : M. Tang : G. Zhao : Q. Han : X. Xu : M. Ying : Z. Hu : H. Xu (*) Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-environmental Science, Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biotechnology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China e-mail: [email protected] Y. Xu School of Science and Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China H. Wen Bao’an No.1 Foreign Language School, Shenzhen 518128, China
Introduction Estuary area is the region where the interactions between land and ocean are active, and the responses for both natural process and anthropogenic activity are sensitive (Frena et al. 2014). Heavy metals e
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