Correlation between peripheral blood neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and CD34 expression in prostate cancer
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Correlation between peripheral blood neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and CD34 expression in prostate cancer Yiyang Wang1,2, Xiaofei Dong2,3, Zhaokui Qu1, Kang Peng2, Xiaolei Sun2,4 and Renfu Chen2,4*
Abstract Backgrounds: The association of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and CD34 expression level with PSA level, Gleason score, and clinical stage was investigated in patients with prostate cancer. The correlation between NLR and CD34 expression was also investigated to provide evidence supporting the use of NLR for predicting the prognosis of prostate cancer patients. Methods: Clinical data of 75 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer by prostate aspiration biopsy were retrospectively analyzed. The correlation between NLR, CD34 expression, and clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed using the χ2 test and one-way analysis of variance. The correlation between NLR and CD34 was determined using the Pearson coefficient. Disease free survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: Both NLR and CD34 expression were significantly positively correlated with PSA, Gleason score, and clinical stage (P < 0.05 both). Patients in the NLRHigh/CD34High group were characterized by high PSA level and Gleason score and late clinical stage. NLR was positively correlated with CD34 expression (r = 0.529, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Pretreatment NLR was a valuable marker of prognosis in prostate cancer. NLR is positively correlated with CD34 expression. Keywords: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, CD34, Prostate cancer, Microvessel density
Backgrounds Prostate cancer is a common malignant tumor affecting the life of middle-aged and elderly men. It is the second most common malignant tumor causing male death in Western countries [1]. Although the incidence of prostate cancer in China is lower than that in Western countries, it has shown an increasing trend in recent years because of the aging population and improved life expectancy. Currently, the prediction of prognosis in prostate cancer is based on prostate specific antigen (PSA) * Correspondence: [email protected] 2 Department of Urology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China 4 Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, 99 Huaihai Road, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
level, Gleason score, and clinical stage. Recent studies suggest that neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is closely related to the poor prognosis of some cancers [2–5]. NLR is a systemic inflammation indicator that can be conveniently measured [6]. However, there is little evidence supporting the value of NLR for the prediction of prognosis in prostate cancer. Intense tumor neovascularization is closely associated with tumor growth and metastasis. Angiogenesis is a key step involved in solid tumor growth. Without neovascularization, tumor volume is generally below l–2 mL, and the tumor may remain dormant or even degenerate [7, 8]. An
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